论文标题
真正的量子机械制度的波动定理
Fluctuation theorems for genuine quantum mechanical regimes
论文作者
论文摘要
对于非平衡热力学的无可争议的相关性,波动定理已概括为量子热力学的框架,而工作的概念在这种情况下起着关键作用。典型的方法包括将工作视为随机变量,而作用系统则是具有确定性动力学的出色经典装置。受量子机领域的技术进步的启发,我们在这里寻找校正以在允许作用系统进入量子域时进行波动定理。这需要在动力学中包括代理系统,并让其与该系统的作用共享非经典状态。此外,我们赞成对该程序的机械观点,我们采用了可观察到的工作概念。为简单起见,我们选择具有弹性耦合的两粒子系统的自主动力学。对于某些特定过程,我们在量子和经典统计领域中得出了几个波动定理。在量子结果中,我们发现,随着纠缠和量子相干性,惯性方面也起着重要作用,因为它们调节了机械平衡的途径。
Of indisputable relevance for non-equilibrium thermodynamics, fluctuations theorems have been generalized to the framework of quantum thermodynamics, with the notion of work playing a key role in such contexts. The typical approach consists of treating work as a stochastic variable and the acting system as an eminently classical device with a deterministic dynamics. Inspired by technological advances in the field of quantum machines, here we look for corrections to work fluctuations theorems when the acting system is allowed to enter the quantum domain. This entails including the acting system in the dynamics and letting it share a nonclassical state with the system acted upon. Moreover, favoring a mechanical perspective to this program, we employ a concept of work observable. For simplicity, we choose as theoretical platform the autonomous dynamics of a two-particle system with an elastic coupling. For some specific processes, we derive several fluctuation theorems within both the quantum and classical statistical arenas. In the quantum results, we find that, along with entanglement and quantum coherence, aspects of inertia also play a significant role since they regulate the route to mechanical equilibrium.