论文标题
社会物理学：一种社会学集体行为的新方法。 I.罢工的卑鄙行为描述
Sociophysics: a new approach of sociological collective behaviour. I. Mean-behaviour description of a strike
论文作者
论文摘要
提出了一种基于物理学中批判现象的框架来理解社会学集体行为的新方法。第一步包括构建一个简单的卑鄙行为模型，并将其应用于工厂的罢工过程。该模型仅包含植物所考虑的植物和社会的特征有限的参数。引入了不满意函数的基本原理，该原理表明植物的稳定状态是一种状态，可以最大程度地减少该功能。发现该植物可以属于两个阶段之一：“集体阶段”和“单个阶段”。这两个阶段被一个临界点隔开，在该附近，系统对参数的小变化非常敏感。集体阶段包括一个参数的区域，该区域具有两个可能的状态：“工作状态”和“罢工状态”。系统的实际状态取决于参数和“系统历史记录”。这两个状态之间过渡的不可逆性表明存在亚稳态。对于这些特定状态，小组工人或系统中少量扰动的影响会导致植物状态发生巨大变化。讨论了该模型的其他非平凡含义，以及该方法的可能扩展和改进。
A new approach to the understanding of sociological collective behaviour, based on the framework of critical phenomena in physics, is presented. The first step consists of constructing a simple mean-behaviour model and applying it to a strike process in a plant. The model comprises only a limited number of parameters characteristic of the plant considered and of the society. A dissatisfaction function is introduced with a basic principle stating that the stable state of the plant is a state, which minimizes this function. It is found that the plant can be in one of two phases: the "collective phase" and the "individual phase". These two phases are separated by a critical point, in the neighbourhood of which the system is very sensitive to small changes in the parameters. The collective phase includes a region of parameters for which the system has two possible states: a "work state" and a "strike state". The actual state of the system depends on the parameters and on the "history of the system". The irreversibility of the transition between these two states indicates the existence of metastable states. For these particular states, the effect of small groups of workers or of a small perturbation in the system results in drastic changes in the state of the plant. Other non-trivial implications of the model, as well as possible extensions and refinements of the approach, are discussed.
