论文标题
二维的无界量子回流
Unbounded quantum backflow in two dimensions
论文作者
论文摘要
量子回流是指违反直觉的事实，即概率可以朝与量子粒子动量相反的方向流动。对于一维系统而言，这种现象已被认为是小而脆弱的，其中已发现最大量的回流是有界的。量子回流在二维系统中表现出截然不同的特征，与一维情况相反，允许退化的能量本质。在这里，我们调查了一个充电粒子的情况，该粒子被限制在中心刺穿的有限磁盘上移动，并通过磁通线刺穿了中心，通常向磁盘刺穿。我们证明了量子回流可以是无限的（从某种意义上说），这使该系统成为有关这种基本量子现象的尚未表现的实验观察的有希望的物理平台。
Quantum backflow refers to the counterintuitive fact that the probability can flow in the direction opposite to the momentum of a quantum particle. This phenomenon has been seen to be small and fragile for one-dimensional systems, in which the maximal amount of backflow has been found to be bounded. Quantum backflow exhibits dramatically different features in two-dimensional systems that, contrary to the one-dimensional case, allow for degenerate energy eigenstates. Here we investigate the case of a charged particle that is confined to move on a finite disk punctured at the center and that is pierced through the center, and normally to the disk, by a magnetic flux line. We demonstrate that quantum backflow can be unbounded (in a certain sense), which makes this system a promising physical platform regarding the yet-to-be-performed experimental observation of this fundamental quantum phenomenon.
