论文标题
与彗星的太阳风相互作用：进化，可变性和含义
Solar wind interaction with a comet: evolution, variability, and implication
论文作者
论文摘要
一旦通过彗星中性物的电离创建了彗星等离子体云，它就会给太阳风及其内部的磁场带来障碍。太阳风的加速度和掺入彗星等离子体是一个复杂的过程，它塑造了彗星等离子体环境，并负责创建诸如弓形冲击和磁磁腔边界之类的边界。它还引起波和电场，进而导致等离子体的加速。本章旨在概述如何通过彗星等离子体的存在来改变太阳风，以及如何将彗星等离子体纳入太阳风中。我们还将在Rosetta的最新发现中讨论在对等离子体环境研究中广泛使用的模型和技术。特别是，本章强调了该环境中过程和区域的丰富性，以及小规模上的过程如何在大尺度上塑造边界。自上一本关于彗星的书出版以来已经有十五年了，从那时起，我们在彗星研究领域取得了巨大进步。但是仍然存在许多开放问题，这些问题被列出和讨论，特别是如何通过未来的太空任务来推进彗星等离子体科学领域。
Once a cometary plasma cloud has been created through ionisation of the cometary neutrals, it presents an obstacle to the solar wind and the magnetic field within it. The acceleration and incorporation of the cometary plasma by the solar wind is a complex process that shapes the cometary plasma environment and is responsible for the creation of boundaries such as a bow shock and diamagnetic cavity boundary. It also gives rise to waves and electric fields which in turn contribute to the acceleration of the plasma. This chapter aims to provide an overview of how the solar wind is modified by the presence of the cometary plasma, and how the cometary plasma is incorporated into the solar wind. We will also discuss models and techniques widely used in the investigation of the plasma environment in the context of recent findings by Rosetta. In particular, this chapter highlights the richness of the processes and regions within this environment and how processes on small scales can shape boundaries on large scales. It has been fifteen years since the last book on Comets was published and since then we have made great advances in the field of cometary research. But many open questions remain which are listed and discussed with particular emphasis on how to advance the field of cometary plasma science through future space missions.
