论文标题
30-408 MHz银河发射的不确定性，作为Astroparpicle Physics无线电检测器的校准源
Uncertainties of the 30-408 MHz Galactic emission as a calibration source for radio detectors in astroparticle physics
论文作者
论文摘要
语境。事实证明，一系列无线电天线在Astroparticle物理学中取得了成功，观察到地球大气中高能量宇宙射线引发的广泛空气阵雨。准确确定主要颗粒能量的能量尺度需要对无线电天线进行绝对校准，近年来，将银河发射作为参考来源的利用已成为潜在标准。目标。为了应用“银河校准”，有必要正确估计从天空模型预测银河发射的系统不确定性，我们旨在确定全球水平以及所选无线电阵列的特定情况。我们进一步旨在量化安静的太阳对银河系校准的影响。方法。我们查看四种不同的天空模型，这些模型可以预测30至408 MHz的频率范围内的全天空式发射并进行比较。我们清单库存它们依赖并使用模型的输出来确定其全球协议水平的参考图。接下来，我们考虑了所选无线电阵列的天空曝光和频带，并重复对每个阵列的比较。最后，我们通过将亮度数据投影到最近的测量中，研究太阳在其安静状态下的相对影响。结果。我们发现来自银河发射的预测功率的系统不确定性为12％，该值将其缩放到该值的一半，因为对宇宙颗粒能量的不确定性的确定性。在查看所选无线电阵列时，预测功率的不确定性在10％至19％之间变化。在最低频率下，安静的太阳的影响并不重要，但相对贡献约为400 MHz约20％。
Context. Arrays of radio antennas have proven to be successful in astroparticle physics with the observation of extensive air showers initiated by high-energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere. Accurate determination of the energy scale of the primary particles' energies requires an absolute calibration of the radio antennas for which, in recent years, the utilization of the Galactic emission as a reference source has emerged as a potential standard. Aims. To apply the "Galactic Calibration", a proper estimation of the systematic uncertainties on the prediction of the Galactic emission from sky models is necessary, which we aim to determine on a global level as well as for the specific cases of selected radio arrays. We further aim to quantify the influence of the quiet Sun on the Galactic Calibration. Methods. We look at four different sky models that predict the full-sky Galactic emission in the frequency range from 30 to 408 MHz and compare them. We make an inventory of the reference maps on which they rely and use the output of the models to determine their global level of agreement. Next, we take the sky exposures and frequency bands of selected radio arrays into account and repeat the comparison for each of them. Finally, we study the relative influence of the Sun in its quiet state by projecting it onto the sky with brightness data from recent measurements. Results. We find systematic uncertainty of 12% on the predicted power from the Galactic emission, which scales to approximately half of that value as the uncertainty on the determination of the energy of cosmic particles. When looking at the selected radio arrays, the uncertainty on the predicted power varies between 10% and 19%. The influence of the quiet Sun turns out to be insignificant at the lowest frequencies but increases to a relative contribution of ~ 20% around 400 MHz.
