论文标题

对基于雷达的环境感知系统的对抗性攻击

Adversarial Attack on Radar-based Environment Perception Systems

论文作者

Guesmi, Amira, Alouani, Ihsen

论文摘要

由于它们对降级捕获条件的稳健性,雷达被广泛用于环境感知,这在自动驾驶汽车等应用中是一项关键任务。更具体地说,超宽频带(UWB)雷达在短距离设置中特别有效,因为它们在环境上提供丰富的信息。最近基于UWB的系统依靠机器学习(ML)来利用这些传感器的丰富签名。但是,ML分类器容易受到对抗示例的影响,这些示例是从原始数据创建的,以欺骗分类器,以便将输入分配给错误的类。这些攻击代表了对系统完整性的严重威胁,尤其是对安全至关重要的应用。在这项工作中,我们提出了对UWB雷达的新对抗性攻击,其中对手在无线通道中注入对抗无线电噪声,以引起障碍物识别失败。首先,根据在现实生活环境中收集的信号,我们表明传统攻击在现实条件下无法产生强大的噪声。我们提出了A-RNA,即,对抗无线电噪声攻击以克服这些问题。具体而言,A-RNA会产生一个对抗性噪声,该噪声是有效的,而无需输入信号和噪声之间的同步。此外,A-RNA产生的噪声是源型设计,可与预处理对策(例如基于过滤的防御)进行鲁棒性。此外,除了通过限制噪声幅度预算的不可检测性目标外,A-RNA在光谱域中通过引入频率预算在光谱域的存在下也有效。我们认为,这项工作应该警告应认真对待对雷达系统的对抗攻击的潜在关键实施。

Due to their robustness to degraded capturing conditions, radars are widely used for environment perception, which is a critical task in applications like autonomous vehicles. More specifically, Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radars are particularly efficient for short range settings as they carry rich information on the environment. Recent UWB-based systems rely on Machine Learning (ML) to exploit the rich signature of these sensors. However, ML classifiers are susceptible to adversarial examples, which are created from raw data to fool the classifier such that it assigns the input to the wrong class. These attacks represent a serious threat to systems integrity, especially for safety-critical applications. In this work, we present a new adversarial attack on UWB radars in which an adversary injects adversarial radio noise in the wireless channel to cause an obstacle recognition failure. First, based on signals collected in real-life environment, we show that conventional attacks fail to generate robust noise under realistic conditions. We propose a-RNA, i.e., Adversarial Radio Noise Attack to overcome these issues. Specifically, a-RNA generates an adversarial noise that is efficient without synchronization between the input signal and the noise. Moreover, a-RNA generated noise is, by-design, robust against pre-processing countermeasures such as filtering-based defenses. Moreover, in addition to the undetectability objective by limiting the noise magnitude budget, a-RNA is also efficient in the presence of sophisticated defenses in the spectral domain by introducing a frequency budget. We believe this work should alert about potentially critical implementations of adversarial attacks on radar systems that should be taken seriously.

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