论文标题
知情的先验在轨迹预测中的知识整合
Informed Priors for Knowledge Integration in Trajectory Prediction
论文作者
论文摘要
知情的机器学习方法允许将先验知识集成到学习系统中。这可以提高准确性和鲁棒性或减少数据需求。但是,现有方法通常会假设坚硬的约束知识,而这些知识不需要与观测值进行权衡的先验知识,但可以直接用于减少问题空间。其他方法使用特定的建筑变化作为先验知识的表示,限制了适用性。我们根据持续学习提出了一种知情的机器学习方法。这允许将任意的,先验知识的整合到可能来自多个来源,并且不需要特定的体系结构。此外,我们的方法可以实现概率和多模式预测,从而提高预测精度和鲁棒性。我们通过将其应用于自动驾驶的最先进的轨迹预测指标来体现我们的方法。该领域尤其取决于知情的学习方法,因为它会受到压倒性的各种可能的环境和非常罕见的事件的影响,同时需要坚固而准确的预测。我们在常用的基准数据集上评估了我们的模型,仅使用常规设置中已经可用的数据。我们表明,我们的方法优于未知和知情的学习方法,这些方法经常在文献中使用。此外,我们能够与传统的基线竞争,甚至使用一半的观察示例。
Informed machine learning methods allow the integration of prior knowledge into learning systems. This can increase accuracy and robustness or reduce data needs. However, existing methods often assume hard constraining knowledge, that does not require to trade-off prior knowledge with observations, but can be used to directly reduce the problem space. Other approaches use specific, architectural changes as representation of prior knowledge, limiting applicability. We propose an informed machine learning method, based on continual learning. This allows the integration of arbitrary, prior knowledge, potentially from multiple sources, and does not require specific architectures. Furthermore, our approach enables probabilistic and multi-modal predictions, that can improve predictive accuracy and robustness. We exemplify our approach by applying it to a state-of-the-art trajectory predictor for autonomous driving. This domain is especially dependent on informed learning approaches, as it is subject to an overwhelming large variety of possible environments and very rare events, while requiring robust and accurate predictions. We evaluate our model on a commonly used benchmark dataset, only using data already available in a conventional setup. We show that our method outperforms both non-informed and informed learning methods, that are often used in the literature. Furthermore, we are able to compete with a conventional baseline, even using half as many observation examples.