论文标题

部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测

Distorted-Toroidal Flux Rope model for Heliospheric Flux Ropes

论文作者

Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa, Hidalgo, Miguel Angel, Cremades, Hebe

论文摘要

储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。

The three-dimensional characterization of magnetic flux-ropes observed in the heliosphere has been a challenging task for decades. This is mainly due to the limitation to infer the 3D global topology and the physical properties from the 1D time series from any spacecraft. To advance our understanding of magnetic flux-ropes whose configuration departs from the typical stiff geometries, here we present the analytical solution for a 3D flux-rope model with an arbitrary cross-section and a toroidal global shape. This constitutes the next level of complexity following the elliptic-cylindrical (EC) geometry. The mathematical framework was established by Nieves-Chinchilla et al. (2018) ApJ, with the EC flux-rope model that describes the magnetic topology with elliptical cross-section as a first approach to changes in the cross-section. In the distorted-toroidal flux rope model, the cross-section is described by a general function. The model is completely described by a non-orthogonal geometry and the Maxwell equations can be consistently solved to obtain the magnetic field and relevant physical quantities. As a proof of concept, this model is generalized in terms of the radial dependence of current density components. The last part of this paper is dedicated to a specific function, $F(φ)=δ(1-λ\cosφ)$, to illustrate possibilities of the model. This model paves the way to investigate complex distortions of the magnetic structures in the solar wind. Future investigations will in-depth explore these distortions by analyzing specific events, the implications in the physical quantities, such as magnetic fluxes, heliciy or energy, and evaluating the force balance with the ambient solar wind that allows such distortions.

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