论文标题
在近红外和光学调查中找到高红移伽马射线爆发
Finding high-redshift gamma-ray bursts in tandem near-infrared and optical surveys
论文作者
论文摘要
宇宙中最遥远的物体的比赛是由长期伽马射线爆发(GRB),形成星形的星系和类星体进行的。 GRB在RedShift Z = 8.2的GRB 090423中暂时领先,但现在记录持有器是Z = 11.0的GARAXY GN-Z11。尽管记录了这一记录,但星系和类星体还是非常微弱的(GN-Z11具有幅度h = 26),从而阻碍了对原始宇宙的物理特性的研究。另一方面,GRB的余气更加明亮,仅为100倍,仅持续1-2天的缺点。在这里,我们描述了一种新的方法,可以发现高红移(z> 6)GRB,从而利用了它们的近红外(NIR)发射特性。在明亮,高能及时阶段之后不久,GRB伴随着余辉。与任何其他来源一样,高红移GRB的余气自然吸收在光波长沿氢介质(Lyman-Alpha吸收)中的视线。我们建议利用Vera Rubin天文台对天空的深度监测,同时使用新的专用NIR设施观察到完全相同的领域。通过比较两个瞬态流,可以查明在NIR频段中检测到的瞬变,而不是在光条中检测到的瞬变。这些仅在NIR中检测到的快速瞬变,并具有AB颜色指数R-H> 3.5是高红移GRB,污染速率低。得益于鲁宾观测到达到的深度,可以确定闯入者,使我们每年在z> 6时发现约11个GRB,每年〜3 GRB在z> 10时〜3 GRB。事实证明,这是高红移宇宙中最有效的探针之一。
The race for the most distant object in the Universe has been played by long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), star-forming galaxies and quasars. GRBs took a temporary lead with the discovery of GRB 090423 at a redshift z=8.2, but now the record-holder is the galaxy GN-z11 at z=11.0. Despite this record, galaxies and quasars are very faint (GN-z11 has a magnitude H=26), hampering the study of the physical properties of the primordial Universe. On the other hand, GRB afterglows are brighter by a factor of >100, with the drawback of lasting only for 1-2 days. Here we describe a novel approach to the discovery of high-redshift (z>6) GRBs, exploiting their near-infrared (nIR) emission properties. Soon after the bright, high-energy prompt phase, a GRB is accompanied by an afterglow. The afterglows of high-redshift GRBs are naturally absorbed, like any other source, at optical wavelengths by Hydrogen along the line of sight in the intergalactic medium (Lyman-alpha absorption). We propose to take advantage of the deep monitoring of the sky by the Vera Rubin Observatory, to simultaneously observe exactly the same fields with a new, dedicated nIR facility. By comparing the two streams of transients, one can pinpoint transients detected in the nIR band and not in the optical band. These fast transients detected only in the nIR and with an AB colour index r-H>3.5 are high-redshift GRBs, with a low contamination rate. Thanks to the depth reached by the Rubin observations, interlopers can be identified, allowing us to discover ~11 GRBs at z>6 per year and ~3 GRBs per year at z>10. This turns out to be one of the most effective probes of the high-redshift Universe.