论文标题
关于量子电路映射的最佳亚构造
On Optimal Subarchitectures for Quantum Circuit Mapping
论文作者
论文摘要
将高级量子电路汇编为可以在最先进的量子计算机上执行的低级描述,是用于量子计算的软件堆栈的关键部分。将量子电路汇编为某些设备的一步是量子电路映射,在该量子电路映射中,该电路被转换为以使其符合体系结构的有限量子位连接性。由于量子电路映射中的搜索空间在量子数的数量中成倍增长,因此希望在过程中考虑尽可能少的物理Qubits。先前的工作猜想,仅考虑由电路中使用的量子数量组成的量子计算机的亚构造就足够了。在这项工作中,我们驳斥了这一猜想,并建立标准来判断是否考虑大部分体系结构是否可能为映射问题提供更好的解决方案。我们表明,确定尺寸最小的亚构造,即,在不丢失某些量子电路的最佳映射解决方案的情况下,无法删除物理量子,这是一个非常困难的问题。基于对最佳标准的放松,我们引入了轻松的考虑,该考虑仍然为实际相关的量子电路保持最佳性。最终,这导致了两种方法用于计算近乎最佳的子构造集$ \ unicode {x2014} $为有效的量子电路映射解决方案提供了基础。我们证明了IBM,Google和Rigetti对最先进的量子计算机的新方法的好处。
Compiling a high-level quantum circuit down to a low-level description that can be executed on state-of-the-art quantum computers is a crucial part of the software stack for quantum computing. One step in compiling a quantum circuit to some device is quantum circuit mapping, where the circuit is transformed such that it complies with the architecture's limited qubit connectivity. Because the search space in quantum circuit mapping grows exponentially in the number of qubits, it is desirable to consider as few of the device's physical qubits as possible in the process. Previous work conjectured that it suffices to consider only subarchitectures of a quantum computer composed of as many qubits as used in the circuit. In this work, we refute this conjecture and establish criteria for judging whether considering larger parts of the architecture might yield better solutions to the mapping problem. We show that determining subarchitectures that are of minimal size, i.e., of which no physical qubit can be removed without losing the optimal mapping solution for some quantum circuit, is a very hard problem. Based on a relaxation of the criteria for optimality, we introduce a relaxed consideration that still maintains optimality for practically relevant quantum circuits. Eventually, this results in two methods for computing near-optimal sets of subarchitectures$\unicode{x2014}$providing the basis for efficient quantum circuit mapping solutions. We demonstrate the benefits of this novel method for state-of-the-art quantum computers by IBM, Google and Rigetti.