论文标题

在表面之外:调查恶意CVE概念证明在GitHub上的利用

Beyond the Surface: Investigating Malicious CVE Proof of Concept Exploits on GitHub

论文作者

Yadmani, Soufian El, The, Robin, Gadyatskaya, Olga

论文摘要

安全社区中广泛共享有关已知漏洞的概念证明(POC)。他们帮助安全分析师互相学习,并促进安全评估和红色团队任务。近年来,POC通过专用的网站和平台以及GitHub等公共代码存储库进行了广泛的分布。但是,不能保证公共法规存储库中的POC来自值得信赖的来源,甚至可以做他们应该做的事情。 在这项工作中,我们研究了GitHub托管的POC,以了解2017--2021年发现的已知漏洞。我们发现并非所有POC都值得信赖。某些概念证明是恶意的,例如,他们试图从正在运行的系统中渗透数据,或者试图在该系统上安装恶意软件,在某些情况下,它们具有硬编码的反向外壳侦听器。 为了衡量这种威胁的普遍性,我们提出了一种检测恶意POC的方法。我们的方法依赖于我们在POC数据集中观察到的恶意症状:呼吁恶意IP地址,编码恶意代码,并包括Trojanized Binaries。通过这种方法,我们发现了已下载和检查的47,285个存储库中的899个恶意存储库(即1.9%的研究存储库具有恶意意图的指标)。该图显示了在Github上分布的漏洞代码中危险恶意POC的令人担忧的患病率。

Exploit proof-of-concepts (PoCs) for known vulnerabilities are widely shared in the security community. They help security analysts to learn from each other and they facilitate security assessments and red teaming tasks. In the recent years, PoCs have been widely distributed, e.g., via dedicated websites and platforms, and public code repositories such as GitHub. However, there is no guarantee that PoCs in public code repositories come from trustworthy sources or even that they do what they are supposed to do. In this work we investigate GitHub-hosted PoCs for known vulnerabilities discovered in 2017--2021. We discovered that not all PoCs are trustworthy. Some proof-of-concepts are malicious, e.g., they attempt to exfiltrate data from the system they are being run on, or they try to install malware on this system, and in some cases they have hard-coded reverse shell listener. To measure the prevalence of this threat, we propose an approach to detecting malicious PoCs. Our approach relies on the maliciousness symptoms we have observed in our PoC dataset: calls to malicious IP addresses, encoded malicious code, and included Trojanized binaries. With this approach, we have discovered 899 malicious repositories out of 47,285 repositories that have been downloaded and checked (i.e., 1.9% of the studied repositories have indicators of malicious intent). This figure shows a worrying prevalence of dangerous malicious PoCs among the exploit code distributed on GitHub.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源