论文标题
对量子状态的承诺
Commitments to Quantum States
论文作者
论文摘要
致力于量子状态意味着什么？在这项工作中，我们提出了一个简单的答案：对量子消息的承诺是约束的，如果在提交阶段之后，订婚状态被隐藏在发件人的视图中。我们伴随着这个新定义，并进行了几个实例化。我们建立了第一个非交互式简洁的量子状态承诺，可以看作是量子信息的抗碰撞散布的类似物。我们还表明，对经典消息的任何承诺方案隐含隐藏量子状态承诺（QSC）。我们所有的构造都可以基于量子晶体学假设，这些假设是暗示，但可能比单向函数弱弱。 对量子状态的承诺为许多新的加密可能性打开了大门。我们对简洁QSC的旗舰应用是基利安（Kilian）简洁的量子通信版本的任何语言的量子PCP，这些语言具有恒定的误差和polygrogarithmic局部性。插入PCP定理，这使NP在明显弱的假设下比经典所要求的简洁。此外，如果量子PCP猜想成立，则延伸到QMA。我们的安全证明的核心是一种用于提取量子信息的新倒带技术。
What does it mean to commit to a quantum state? In this work, we propose a simple answer: a commitment to quantum messages is binding if, after the commit phase, the committed state is hidden from the sender's view. We accompany this new definition with several instantiations. We build the first non-interactive succinct quantum state commitments, which can be seen as an analogue of collision-resistant hashing for quantum messages. We also show that hiding quantum state commitments (QSCs) are implied by any commitment scheme for classical messages. All of our constructions can be based on quantum-cryptographic assumptions that are implied by but are potentially weaker than one-way functions. Commitments to quantum states open the door to many new cryptographic possibilities. Our flagship application of a succinct QSC is a quantum-communication version of Kilian's succinct arguments for any language that has quantum PCPs with constant error and polylogarithmic locality. Plugging in the PCP theorem, this yields succinct arguments for NP under significantly weaker assumptions than required classically; moreover, if the quantum PCP conjecture holds, this extends to QMA. At the heart of our security proof is a new rewinding technique for extracting quantum information.
