论文标题
二进制玻色混合物中液体气体过渡的量子关键性
Quantum Criticality of Liquid-Gas Transition in a Binary Bose Mixture
论文作者
论文摘要
量子液体以自结界液滴的形式通过平均场贡献和量子波动之间的微妙平衡来稳定。虽然当这种平衡破裂时，虽然预计液态气可以过渡，但量子状态中是否存在液态气临界点仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们研究了经历液体气体过渡的二元bose混合物中的量子临界点。我们表明，除了自结界液体的狭窄稳定窗口之外，液体气体共存持续存在，最终将其转移到均匀的混合物中。重要的是，我们确定了两个不同的临界点，液态气共存终止。这些临界点的特征是附近的临界行为丰富，包括不同的敏感性，独特的声子模式软化和增强的密度相关性。可以在限制在盒子电位的超低原子中探索液态气和关键点。我们的工作强调了热力学方法是揭示量子液体临界性的强大工具，并为进一步研究量子液体中的关键现象铺平了道路。
Quantum liquid, in the form of a self-bound droplet, is stabilized by a subtle balance between the mean-field contribution and quantum fluctuations. While a liquid-gas transition is expected when such a balance is broken, it remains elusive whether liquid-gas critical points exist in the quantum regime. Here we study the quantum criticality in a binary Bose mixture undergoing the liquid-gas transition. We show that, beyond a narrow stability window of the self-bound liquid, a liquid-gas coexistence persists, which eventually transits into a homogeneous mixture. Importantly, we identify two distinct critical points where the liquid-gas coexistence terminates. These critical points are characterized by rich critical behaviors in their vicinity, including divergent susceptibility, unique phonon-mode softening, and enhanced density correlations. The liquid-gas transition and the critical points can be readily explored in ultracold atoms confined to a box potential. Our work highlights the thermodynamic approach as a powerful tool in revealing the quantum liquid-gas criticality, and paves the way for further studies of critical phenomena in quantum liquids.
