论文标题
窒息喷气机扩展信封是与潮汐破坏事件相关的中微子排放的起源
Choked jets in expanding envelope as the origin of the neutrino emission associated with Tidal Disruption Events
论文作者
论文摘要
已经发现，在Multi-Messenger随访中，发现三个潮汐破坏事件（TDE）候选者（AT2019DSG，AT2019FDR，AT2019AALC）与高能天体物理中微子是一致的。最近的研究表明，TDES中的超质量黑洞周围存在准球形的，光学厚的包膜，这是由于破坏后出现的恒星碎片而产生的。信封可能以$ \ sim 10^4 \，{\ rm km/s} $的速度向外扩展，如发射线宽度所示。我们研究中微子信号是否可以通过扩展信封内的相对论喷气机来解释。尽管在Swift J1644+57中的强大喷气机可以成功地从信封中爆发出来，但具有相对较弱的力量的喷气机可以被信封cho住。窒息的喷气机仍然可以加速宇宙射线，并通过与信封中的热光子相互作用而产生高能中微子。我们探索了喷气机的参数空间，这些空间可以产生可检测的中微子通量，同时被扩展的信封中cho住。我们发现，AT2019FDR和AT2019AALC的累积中微子数与观察值施加的预期范围一致，而AT2019DSG的允许参数空间很小。相对于TDE的光学峰值，可以将其作为TDE的光峰时间延迟，因为TDE的光峰时间可以在封闭前的互联网中被激发为射流时间。正如Super-Eddington积聚所期望的那样，发现与TDE相关的中微子事件的发现可能表明，TDE可能是在TDE中形成的，但是大多数人太弱了，无法从不断扩展的信封中爆发出来。
Three tidal disruption event (TDE) candidates (AT2019dsg, AT2019fdr, AT2019aalc) have been found to be coincident with high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in multi-messenger follow-ups. Recent studies suggest the presence of a quasi-spherical, optically thick envelope around the supermassive black holes in TDEs, resulted from stellar debris after the disruption. The envelope may expand outwardly with a velocity of $\sim 10^4\, {\rm km/s}$, as indicated by the emission line widths. We study whether the neutrino signal can be explained by choked relativistic jets inside the expanding envelope. While powerful jets, such as that in Swift J1644+57, can successfully break out from the envelope, those with relatively weak power could be choked by the envelope. Choked jets can still accelerate cosmic rays and produce high-energy neutrinos via interaction with the thermal photons in the envelope. We explore the parameter space of the jets that can produce detectable neutrino flux while being choked in the expanding envelope. We find that the cumulative neutrino numbers of AT2019fdr and AT2019aalc are consistent with the expected range imposed by observations, while the allowed parameter space for AT2019dsg is small.The neutrino time delay relative to the optical peak time of TDEs can be explained as the jet propagation time in the envelope before being choked. The discovery of TDE-associated neutrino events may suggest that jets might have been commonly formed in TDEs, as expected from super-Eddington accretion, but most of them are too weak to break out from the expanding envelopes.
