论文标题
QCD相图中的遥远平衡扩展轨迹
Far-off-equilibrium expansion trajectories in the QCD phase diagram
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑了具有非零夸克质量的夸克 - 杜伦气体的流体动力演化，其相图中的净得多。对于遥远的初始条件，扩展轨迹似乎违反了基于第二个热力学定律，这些规则以前是为理想或弱化的流体而建立的。对于Bjorken流动，我们在动力学理论中提供了详细的分析，该分析对这些宏观现象提供了完全的微观理解，并建立了其热力学一致性。我们指出，对于某些遥远平衡的初始条件，“粘性加热”的众所周知现象变成了“粘性冷却”，在这种情况下，在耗散效应的驱动下，温度降低的速度快于绝热膨胀。
We consider the hydrodynamic evolution of a quark-gluon gas with non-zero quark masses and net baryon number in its phase diagram. For far-off-equilibrium initial conditions the expansion trajectories appear to violate simple rules based on the second law of thermodynamics that were previously established for ideal or weakly dissipative fluids. For Bjorken flow we present a detailed analysis within kinetic theory that provides a full microscopic understanding of these macroscopic phenomena and establishes their thermodynamic consistency. We point out that, for certain far-off-equilibrium initial conditions, the well-known phenomenon of "viscous heating" turns into "viscous cooling" where, driven by dissipative effects, the temperature decreases faster than in adiabatic expansion.
