论文标题
免费电子的量子逻辑门
A quantum logic gate for free electrons
论文作者
论文摘要
拓扑费$ m $的涡流电子跨越了无限二维的希尔伯特空间。选择一个二维子空间，跨越$ M = \ pm 1 $，可以将透射电子显微镜中的梁电子视为量子位（qubit）在列中自由传播。电子光学四极透镜的组合可以用作通用装置，以在实验者的酌情决定权下操纵此类Qubit。我们将TEM探针形成镜头系统作为量子门，并在数值和实验上演示其作用。具有像差校正器的高端TEMS是此类实验的有前途的平台，为研究电子显微镜中的量子逻辑门开辟了道路。
The topological charge $m$ of vortex electrons spans an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. Selecting a two-dimensional subspace spanned by $m=\pm 1$, a beam electron in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) can be considered as a quantum bit (qubit) freely propagating in the column. A combination of electron optical quadrupole lenses can serve as a universal device to manipulate such qubits at the experimenter's discretion. We set up a TEM probe forming lens system as a quantum gate and demonstrate its action numerically and experimentally. High-end TEMs with aberration correctors are a promising platform for such experiments, opening the way to study quantum logic gates in the electron microscope.
