论文标题

使用多模式数据的联合转移学习

Federated Transfer Learning with Multimodal Data

论文作者

Sun, Yulian

论文摘要

物联网中的智能汽车,智能手机和其他设备(物联网)通常具有多个传感器,会产生多模式数据。联合学习支持从不同设备收集大量多模式数据,而无需共享原始数据。转移学习方法有助于将知识从某些设备传输到其他设备。联合转移学习方法使联盟学习和转移学习受益。这个新提出的联合转移学习框架旨在将数据岛与隐私保护联系起来。我们的构建基于联合学习和转移学习。与以前的联合传输学习相比,每个用户应具有相同模式的数据(无论是单峰还是全模式),我们的新框架更为通用,它允许使用用户数据的混合分布。核心策略是为我们的两种类型的用户使用两种不同但固有连接的培训方法。仅对单峰数据(类型1)的用户采用了监督学习,而自我监督的学习是针对每个模式的特征及其之间的连接的多模式数据(类型2)的用户。类型2的这种连接知识将在培训的后期阶段有助于1类。新框架中的培训可以分为三个步骤。在第一步中,将具有相同模式的数据的用户分组在一起。例如,仅具有声音信号的用户在第一组中,只有图像的用户在第二组中,并且具有多模式数据的用户在第三组中,依此类推。在第二步中,在小组内执行联合学习,在该小组中,根据小组的性质,使用了监督的学习和自学学习。大多数转移学习发生在第三步中,在该步骤中,从前一步获得的网络中的相关部分是汇总的(联合)。

Smart cars, smartphones and other devices in the Internet of Things (IoT), which usually have more than one sensors, produce multimodal data. Federated Learning supports collecting a wealth of multimodal data from different devices without sharing raw data. Transfer Learning methods help transfer knowledge from some devices to others. Federated Transfer Learning methods benefit both Federated Learning and Transfer Learning. This newly proposed Federated Transfer Learning framework aims at connecting data islands with privacy protection. Our construction is based on Federated Learning and Transfer Learning. Compared with previous Federated Transfer Learnings, where each user should have data with identical modalities (either all unimodal or all multimodal), our new framework is more generic, it allows a hybrid distribution of user data. The core strategy is to use two different but inherently connected training methods for our two types of users. Supervised Learning is adopted for users with only unimodal data (Type 1), while Self-Supervised Learning is applied to user with multimodal data (Type 2) for both the feature of each modality and the connection between them. This connection knowledge of Type 2 will help Type 1 in later stages of training. Training in the new framework can be divided in three steps. In the first step, users who have data with the identical modalities are grouped together. For example, user with only sound signals are in group one, and those with only images are in group two, and users with multimodal data are in group three, and so on. In the second step, Federated Learning is executed within the groups, where Supervised Learning and Self-Supervised Learning are used depending on the group's nature. Most of the Transfer Learning happens in the third step, where the related parts in the network obtained from the previous steps are aggregated (federated).

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