论文标题
湍流的玻璃纤维冷凝物中的直接和反向级联反应
Direct and inverse cascades in turbulent Bose-Einstein condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
当Bose-Einstein冷凝物（BEC）从平衡中驱动时，密度波不线相互作用并触发湍流级联反应。在湍流的BEC中，能量通过直接级联向小尺度转移，而颗粒的数量显示出朝向大尺度的逆级联反向。在这项工作中，我们在分析和数值上研究波动扰动的BEC中的直接和反向级联反应。我们通过分析得出了Kolmogorov-Zakharov光谱，包括对直接级联缩放的对数校正和两个级联反应的通用前因子常数。我们使用周期盒和相应的波动方程中强制脱离的GROSS-PITAEVSKII模型的高分辨率数值模拟测试和证实了我们的预测。理论预测和数据在没有可调节参数的情况下非常吻合。此外，为了与实验联系，我们使用具有狭窄的立方陷阱的Gross-Pitaevskii模型来测试和验证我们的理论预测。我们的结果解释了以前的实验观察结果，并提出了未来研究的新设置。
When a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is driven out of equilibrium, density waves interact non-linearly and trigger turbulent cascades. In a turbulent BEC, energy is transferred towards small scales by a direct cascade, whereas the number of particles displays an inverse cascade toward large scales. In this work, we study analytically and numerically the direct and inverse cascades in wave-turbulent BECs. We analytically derive the Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectra, including the log-correction to the direct cascade scaling and the universal pre-factor constants for both cascades. We test and corroborate our predictions using high-resolution numerical simulations of the forced-dissipated Gross-Pitaevskii model in a periodic box and the corresponding wave-kinetic equation. Theoretical predictions and data are in excellent agreement, without adjustable parameters. Moreover, in order to connect with experiments, we test and validate our theoretical predictions using the Gross-Pitaevskii model with a confining cubic trap. Our results explain previous experimental observations and suggest new settings for future studies.
