论文标题
自然果园中多传感器融合数据的水果的语义分割
Semantic Segmentation of Fruits on Multi-sensor Fused Data in Natural Orchards
论文作者
论文摘要
语义细分是农业机器人了解自然果园周围环境的一项基本任务。 LIDAR技术的最新发展使机器人能够在非结构化果园中获得准确的范围测量。与RGB图像相比，3D点云具有几何特性。通过结合LIDAR和相机，可以获得有关几何和纹理的丰富信息。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于深度学习的分割方法，以对来自激光镜像相机视觉传感器的融合数据进行准确的语义分割。在这项工作中探索并解决了两个关键问题。第一个是如何有效地从多传感器数据中融合纹理和几何特征。第二个是如何在严重失衡类别的条件下有效训练3D分割网络的方法。此外，详细介绍了果园中3D分割的实施，包括LiDAR-CAMERA数据融合，数据收集和标签，网络培训和模型推断。在实验中，我们在处理从苹果园获得的高度非结构化和嘈杂的点云时，全面分析了网络设置。总体而言，我们提出的方法在高分辨率点云（100K-200K点）上的水果分割时达到了86.2％MIOU。实验结果表明，所提出的方法可以在真实的果园环境中进行准确的分割。
Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task for agricultural robots to understand the surrounding environments in natural orchards. The recent development of the LiDAR techniques enables the robot to acquire accurate range measurements of the view in the unstructured orchards. Compared to RGB images, 3D point clouds have geometrical properties. By combining the LiDAR and camera, rich information on geometries and textures can be obtained. In this work, we propose a deep-learning-based segmentation method to perform accurate semantic segmentation on fused data from a LiDAR-Camera visual sensor. Two critical problems are explored and solved in this work. The first one is how to efficiently fused the texture and geometrical features from multi-sensor data. The second one is how to efficiently train the 3D segmentation network under severely imbalance class conditions. Moreover, an implementation of 3D segmentation in orchards including LiDAR-Camera data fusion, data collection and labelling, network training, and model inference is introduced in detail. In the experiment, we comprehensively analyze the network setup when dealing with highly unstructured and noisy point clouds acquired from an apple orchard. Overall, our proposed method achieves 86.2% mIoU on the segmentation of fruits on the high-resolution point cloud (100k-200k points). The experiment results show that the proposed method can perform accurate segmentation in real orchard environments.
