论文标题
使用Leonardo大格式2KX2K SWIR LMAPD阵列的子电子噪声红外摄像机开发
Sub-electron noise infrared camera development using Leonardo large format 2Kx2K SWIR LmAPD array
论文作者
论文摘要
由于III-V或II-VI窄带半导体在互补的金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）读出的综合电路（ROICS）上，红外图像没有显着突破。第三代线性雪崩光电二极管阵列（LMAPDS）的开发使用汞尿酸汞（MCT）的发展导致短波红外（SWIR）成像的显着灵敏度提高。第一个专门的LMAPD设备，称为Saphira（320x256/24微米），是由专门用于SWIR天文应用的Leonardo UK Ltd设计的。在过去的十年中，为低背景天文学制作了更大的LMAPD阵列已有巨大的发展努力。 Larger LmAPD formats for ultra-low noise/flux SWIR imaging, currently under development at Leonardo include a 512 x 512 LmAPD array funded by ESO, MPE and NRC Herzberg, a 1k x 1k array funded by NASA and a 2K x 2K device funded by ESA for general scientific imaging applications. 2048x2048 Pixel ROIC的音高为15微米，4/8/16输出和最大帧速率为10 Hz。 ROIC的特征定于2022年第三季度，而第一个阵列将在2022年底制造。杂交阵列将在2022年底表征。 At this time, First Light Imaging will start the development of an autonomous camera integrating this 2Kx2K LmAPD array, based on the unique experience from the C-RED One camera, the only commercial camera integrating the SAPHIRA SWIR LmAPD array.The detector will be embedded in a compact high vacuum cryostat cooled with low vibration pulse at 50-80K which does not require external pumping.预计将通过高繁殖增益来实现子电子读数噪声。定制的冷滤光片和梁孔冷挡板将集成在相机中。
There have been no significant breakthroughs in infrared imagery since the hybridization of III-V or II-VI narrow-bandgap semiconductors on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) read-out integrated circuits (ROICs). The development of third-generation, linear-mode avalanche photodiode arrays (LmAPDs) using mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) has resulted in a significant sensitivity improvement for short-wave infrared (SWIR) imaging. The first dedicated LmAPD device, called SAPHIRA (320x256/24 microns), was designed by Leonardo UK Ltd specifically for SWIR astronomical applications. In the past decade there has been a significant development effort to make larger LmAPD arrays for low-background astronomy. Larger LmAPD formats for ultra-low noise/flux SWIR imaging, currently under development at Leonardo include a 512 x 512 LmAPD array funded by ESO, MPE and NRC Herzberg, a 1k x 1k array funded by NASA and a 2K x 2K device funded by ESA for general scientific imaging applications. The 2048x2048 pixel ROIC has a pitch of 15 microns, 4/8/16 outputs and a maximum frame rate of 10 Hz. The ROIC characterization is scheduled in the third quarter of 2022, while the first arrays will be fabricated by end-2022. The hybridized arrays will be characterized during end-2022. At this time, First Light Imaging will start the development of an autonomous camera integrating this 2Kx2K LmAPD array, based on the unique experience from the C-RED One camera, the only commercial camera integrating the SAPHIRA SWIR LmAPD array.The detector will be embedded in a compact high vacuum cryostat cooled with low vibration pulse at 50-80K which does not require external pumping. Sub-electron readout noise is expected to be achieved with high multiplication gain. Custom cold filters and beam aperture cold baffling will be integrated in the camera.
