论文标题
在Fermi-LAT身份不明的资源中搜索具有系统特征的Fermi-Lat未知来源
A search for dark matter among Fermi-LAT unidentified sources with systematic features in Machine Learning
论文作者
论文摘要
如今,费米 - 拉特目录中大约三分之一的类似点的来源仍然是身份不明的来源(UNID)。实际上,这些Unids与已知的天体物理来源缺乏明显的单局部关联。如果暗物质(DM)由弱相互作用的巨大颗粒(wimps)组成,则令人兴奋的可能性实际上可能是DM源,从而从wimps nihihitation发出了伽玛射线。我们提出了一种新方法,以解决4FGL费米 - 拉特目录中的Unids中,从天体物理源(观察到的数据)中解散了前瞻性DM源(模拟数据)的标准,二进制分类问题。我们人为地为DM数据构建两个{\ IT系统}特征,这些功能最初是观察到的数据固有的:检测意义和光谱曲率上的不确定性。假设DM分布将遵循后者,我们通过从观察到的Unids人群中取样来做到这一点。我们考虑了不同的ML模型:逻辑回归,神经网络(NN),天真的贝叶斯和高斯流程(从分类精度方面最好的)是NN,达到了$ 93.3 \%\%\ pm 0.7 \%$ $ performance。在我们的工作中讨论了其他ML评估参数,例如真正的负和真实率。将NN应用于UNIDS样本,我们发现某些天体物理和DM源之间的堕落性可以在这种方法中部分解决。尽管如此,我们得出的结论是,在4FGL费米 - 拉特联盟的库中没有DM源候选者。
Around one third of the point-like sources in the Fermi-LAT catalogs remain as unidentified sources (unIDs) today. Indeed, these unIDs lack a clear, univocal association with a known astrophysical source. If dark matter (DM) is composed of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), there is the exciting possibility that some of these unIDs may actually be DM sources, emitting gamma rays from WIMPs annihilation. We propose a new approach to solve the standard, Machine Learning (ML) binary classification problem of disentangling prospective DM sources (simulated data) from astrophysical sources (observed data) among the unIDs of the 4FGL Fermi-LAT catalogue. We artificially build two {\it systematic} features for the DM data which are originally inherent to observed data: the detection significance and the uncertainty on the spectral curvature. We do it by sampling from the observed population of unIDs, assuming that the DM distributions would, if any, follow the latter. We consider different ML models: Logistic Regression, Neural Network (NN), Naive Bayes and Gaussian Process, out of which the best, in terms of classification accuracy, is the NN, achieving around $93.3\% \pm 0.7\%$ performance. Other ML evaluation parameters, such as the True Negative and True Positive rates, are discussed in our work. Applying the NN to the unIDs sample, we find that the degeneracy between some astrophysical and DM sources can be partially solved within this methodology. Nonetheless, we conclude that there are no DM source candidates among the pool of 4FGL Fermi-LAT unIDs.