论文标题
被动量子测量：到达时间，量子zeno效应和赌徒的谬误
Passive quantum measurement: Arrival time, quantum Zeno effect and gambler's fallacy
论文作者
论文摘要
经典测量是被动的，因为它们不影响测量系统的物理特性。通常，从这种意义上讲，量子测量并非被动。然而，在无限的尺寸希尔伯特空间中，我们发现量子投射测量可以被动地被动地在有限的尺寸希尔伯特空间中是不可能的。具体而言，我们发现，遗传学哈密顿量的期望值可以在无限的尺寸希尔伯特空间中具有虚构的一部分，并且这种虚构的部分意味着避免量子zeno效应的可能性，可以在量子到达实验中物理上实现。避免量子zeno效应的效果也可以理解为避免赌徒谬误的量子版本，从而导致被动量子测量的概念，该量子在不影响其物理特性的情况下更新有关物理系统的信息。发现粒子的到达时间概率分布被发现由概率电流的通量给出。可能的负通量对应于根本没有到达的机制，物理上理解为粒子出发而不是到达的制度。
Classical measurements are passive, in the sense that they do not affect the physical properties of the measured system. Normally, quantum measurements are not passive in that sense. In the infinite dimensional Hilbert space, however, we find that quantum projective measurement can be passive in a way which is impossible in finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. Specifically, we find that expectation value of a hermitian Hamiltonian can have an imaginary part in the infinite dimensional Hilbert space and that such an imaginary part implies a possibility to avoid quantum Zeno effect, which can physically be realized in quantum arrival experiments. The avoidance of quantum Zeno effect can also be understood as avoidance of a quantum version of gambler's fallacy, leading to the notion of passive quantum measurement that updates information about the physical system without affecting its physical properties. The arrival time probability distribution of a particle is found to be given by the flux of the probability current. Possible negative fluxes correspond to regimes at which there is no arrival at all, physically understood as regimes at which the particle departs rather than arrives.
