论文标题
von Zeipel -Lidov -Kozai Cycles In Action:$ Kepler $ Triples具有Eclipse深度变化:KICS 6964043,5653126,5731312和8023312
Von Zeipel - Lidov - Kozai cycles in action: $Kepler$ triples with eclipse depth variations: KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312 and 8023317
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了四个紧凑的三重恒星系统的光动力学分析的结果,KICS 6964043,5653126,5653126,5731312,8023317,很大程度上基于$ Kepler $和$ tess $数据。所有系统均显示出显着的日食正时和日食深度变化,后者暗示着不结盟的外轨道。此外,KIC 6964043也是一个三重黯然失色的系统。我们结合了光度法,ETV曲线和档案光谱分布数据,以获得成分恒星的天体物理参数和具有很高精度的轨道元件。发现KICS 6964043和5653126几乎是平坦的,相互倾向$ i_ {mut} = 4.1 $ deg和$ 12.3 $ ver,而KICS 5731312,8023317(8023317 Zeipel-Kozai-Lidov(ZKL)定理。我们表明,目前,两个高倾斜度三元均表现出可观察到的异常逆行Apsidal运动。此外,除了几十年之内,除了四个系统中的一个外,除了一个外食。动力学演化的短期数值整合表明,这两个高倾斜度三元均与ZKL定理一致。长期集成预测,这四个系统中的两个可能会在$ \ sim $ gyr TimeScales上动态不稳定,而在其他两个三元组中,常见的包膜阶段和出色的合并可能会发生。最后,我们从统计学上研究了71 KIC/TIC三元组的样品的动力学特性,并发现相互倾斜和外部质量比在4 $σ$水平下抗相关。我们讨论对紧凑型三元组的形成机理的含义。
We report the results of the photodynamical analyses of four compact, tight triple stellar systems, KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312, 8023317, based largely on $Kepler$ and $TESS$ data. All systems display remarkable eclipse timing and eclipse depth variations, the latter implying a non-aligned outer orbit. Moreover, KIC 6964043 is also a triply eclipsing system. We combined photometry, ETV curves, and archival spectral energy distribution data to obtain the astrophysical parameters of the constituent stars and the orbital elements with substantial precision. KICs 6964043 and 5653126 were found to be nearly flat with mutual inclinations $i_{mut}=4.1$ deg and $12.3$ deg, respectively, while KICs 5731312, 8023317 ($i_{mut}=39.4$ deg and $55.7$ deg, respectively) are found to lie in the high $i_{mut}$ regime of the von Zeipel-Kozai-Lidov (ZKL) theorem. We show that currently both high inclination triples exhibit observable unusual retrograde apsidal motion. Moreover, the eclipses will disappear in all but one of the four systems within a few decades. Short-term numerical integrations of the dynamical evolution reveal that both high inclination triples are currently subject to ongoing, large amplitude ($Δe\sim0.3$) inner eccentricity variations on centuries-long timescales, in accord with the ZKL theorem. Longer-term integrations predict that two of the four systems may become dynamically unstable on $\sim$ Gyr timescales, while in the other two triples common envelope phases and stellar mergers may occur. Finally we investigate the dynamical properties of a sample of 71 KIC/TIC triples statistically, and find that the mutual inclinations and outer mass ratios are anti-correlated at the 4$σ$ level. We discuss the implications for the formation mechanisms of compact triples.