论文标题
纵向和横向碎片的干扰在玻色 - 因斯坦冷凝物的约瑟夫森隧道动力学中
Interference of longitudinal and transversal fragmentations in the Josephson tunneling dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates
论文作者
论文摘要
约瑟夫森交界处的玻色子的动力学吸引了玻色子最初凝结的地方。当沿交界处来回相互作用时，会耗尽并最终碎裂。在这里，我们提出了一个问题，如何在玻色孔约瑟夫森交界处碎裂的玻色子隧道？为此，我们利用连接点的横向自由度将初始碎片编码为骨云。我们分析了沿着连接的生存概率，整个连接的粒子位置的波动以及最低的单粒子状态的占用率。发现的动力学很丰富，包括密度振荡崩溃的速度和复兴过程的减速。已经发现，与常规的玻色 - 因斯坦冷凝物相比，完全碎片的状态显着加速了复兴过程。为了解释潜在的多体机制，我们表明横向上的初始碎片会干扰沿结的时间发展。在第一个激发单粒子状态下，职业的动力学定义了碎片的干扰是否发生在结中。干扰机制是一种纯粹的多体效应，在平均场动力学中不会发生。总而言之，我们表明纵向和横向碎片的干扰为陷阱中相互作用玻色子的宏观隧道现象提供了新规则。
The dynamics of bosons in Josephson junctions have drawn much attention where the bosons are initially condensed. When interacting bosons tunnel back and forth along the junction, depletion and eventually fragmentation develop. Here, we pose the question how do fragmented bosons tunnel in a bosonic Josephson junction? To this end, we exploit the transverse degree-of-freedom of the junction to encode initial fragmentation to the bosonic cloud. We analyze the survival probability along the junction, fluctuations of particle positions across the junction, and the occupancy of the lowest single-particle states. The dynamics found is rich and includes the speed up of the collapse of density oscillations and slow down of the revival process. It is found that a fully fragmented state significantly accelerates the revival process compared to the conventional Bose-Einstein condensate. To explain the underlying many-body mechanism, we show that the initial fragmentation in the transverse direction interferes with the development of fragmentation in time along the junction. The dynamics of occupation in the first excited single-particle state defines whether interference of fragmentations occurs in the junction. The interference mechanism is a purely many-body effect that does not occur in the mean-field dynamics. All in all, we show that the interference of longitudinal and transversal fragmentations leads to new rules for macroscopic tunneling phenomena of interacting bosons in traps.
