论文标题
原子钟对基于HF II,HF IV和W VI离子的细胞结构常数的变化高度敏感
Atomic clocks highly sensitive to the variation of the fine structure constant based on Hf II, Hf IV, and W VI ions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们证明,HF $〜$ ii,HF $〜$ iv和w $〜$〜$ vi离子的几个亚稳态激发态可能是好时钟状态,因为它们的寿命足够长,并且对扰动不敏感。冷却E1过渡可用。能量水平,兰德$ g $因子,电偶极子(E1)的过渡幅度,电动四极杆(E2)和磁偶极子(M1)过渡,终生和hf $〜$〜$〜$〜$〜$〜$ ii,hf $〜$〜$〜$ iv和W $ vi $ vi离子的多个方法的序列的电动序列的电动序列的序列,该方法包括了许多方法,相互作用(CI),线性化耦合群集单打(SD)和多体扰动理论(CI+SD),以及与扰动理论(CIPT)的构型相互作用。已经计算了基态和时钟状态的标量极化,以确定黑体辐射(BBR)偏移。我们发现,这些过渡的相对BBR偏移范围在10 $^{ - 16} $ - $ - $ 10 $^{ - 18} $之间。两个时钟过渡频率的线性组合可以进一步抑制BBR。几个$ 5D $ - $ 6S $单电子时钟过渡可确保过渡频率对精细结构常数$α$变化的高灵敏度,并可以用于搜索产生$α$的变化的暗物质。 $α$变化的增强系数达到$ k = 8.3 $。 W中有六个稳定的HF和5个稳定同位素的同位素,使一个人可以制作国王图并寻找由标量颗粒或其他机制介导的新相互作用。
We demonstrate that several metastable excited states in Hf$~$II, Hf$~$IV and W$~$VI ions may be good clock states since they are sufficiently long-living and are not sensitive to the perturbations. Cooling E1 transitions are available. Energy levels, Landé $g$-factors, transition amplitudes for electric dipole (E1), electric quadrupole (E2), and magnetic dipole (M1) transitions, lifetimes, and electric quadrupole moments for Hf$~$II, Hf$~$IV, and W$~$VI ions are investigated using a combination of several methods of relativistic many-body calculations including the configuration interaction (CI), linearized coupled-cluster single-doubles (SD) and many-body perturbation theory (CI+SD), and also the configuration interaction with perturbation theory (CIPT). Scalar polarizabilities of the ground states and the clock states have been calculated to determine the black body radiation (BBR) shifts. We have found that the relative BBR shifts for these transitions range between 10$^{-16}$ $-$ 10$^{-18}$. A linear combination of two clock transition frequencies allows one to further suppress BBR. Several $5d$ - $6s$ single-electron clock transitions ensure high sensitivity of the transition frequencies to the variation of the fine structure constant $α$ and may be used to search for dark matter producing this variation of $α$. The enhancement coefficient for $α$ variation reaches $K=8.3$. Six stable isotopes of Hf and 5 stable isotopes in W allow one to make King plots and search for new interactions mediated by scalar particles or other mechanisms.