论文标题
基于状态歧视的情境性测试
Experimental Test of Contextuality based on State Discrimination with a Single Qubit
论文作者
论文摘要
探索超出任何经典模型预测的量子现象对于理解自然的经典和量子描述的边界至关重要。作为量子系统与经典对应物不同行为的典型属性，在由至少三个级别组成（Qutrit）组成的系统中，对上下文性进行了广泛的研究和实验验证。在这里，我们通过在单个$^{171} $ yb $^+$ ion上实现最小误差状态歧视，将上下文测试的实验测试范围扩展到最小量子系统。我们观察到通过假设非上下文性得出的不平等不平等的实质性侵犯，并坚定得出结论，州歧视的测量结果不能与任何非上下文描述相吻合。我们还量化了国家歧视的上下文优势和对量子噪声的容忍度。
Exploring quantum phenomena beyond predictions of any classical model has fundamental importance to understand the boundary of classical and quantum descriptions of nature. As a typical property that a quantum system behaves distinctively from a classical counterpart, contextuality has been studied extensively and verified experimentally in systems composed of at least three levels (qutrit). Here we extend the scope of experimental test of contextuality to a minimal quantum system of only two states (qubit) by implementing the minimum error state discrimination on a single $^{171}$Yb$^+$ ion. We observe a substantial violation of a no-go inequality derived by assuming non-contextuality, and firmly conclude that the measured results of state discrimination cannot be reconciled with any non-contextual description. We also quantify the contextual advantage of state discrimination and the tolerance against quantum noises.
