论文标题
核结构在相对论重型离子碰撞中的影响
Influence of nuclear structure in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
论文作者
论文摘要
提出了许多探针来确定夸克 - 胶状等离子体，并探索其在超偏见的重型离子碰撞中的特性。其中一些与碰撞的初始状态有关，例如集体流动，汉伯里 - 布朗 - 汤威斯（HBT）相关性，手性磁效应等。初始状态可以来自碰撞核的几何重叠，与固有几何形状不对称的波动或核结构。初始几何形状不对称可以转移到火球进化过程中流体动力学方面的最终动量分布。与传统的核结构研究方法不同，超偏见的重型离子碰撞可以提供一个潜在的平台来调查核结构，并在扩张火球扩张后的最终状态可观察物。本章首先简要介绍了相对论重型离子碰撞中的初始状态，然后对相对论能量域中实验性可观察物的核结构效应进行了迷你审查。
Many probes are proposed to determine the quark-gluon plasma and explore its properties in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Some of them are related to initial states of the collisions, such as collective flow, Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) correlation, chiral magnetic effects and so on. The initial states can come from geometry overlap of the colliding nuclei, fluctuations or nuclear structure with the intrinsic geometry asymmetry. The initial geometry asymmetry can transfer to the final momentum distribution in the aspect of hydrodynamics during the evolution of the fireball. Different from traditional methods for nuclear structure study, the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions could provide a potential platform to investigate nuclear structures with the help of the final-state observables after the fireball expansion. This chapter first presents a brief introduction of the initial states in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and then delivers a mini-review for the nuclear structure effects on experimental observables in the relativistic energy domain.
