论文标题

通过基于张量的低级分解方法来减少智能重新配置表面的控制开销

Reducing the Control Overhead of Intelligent Reconfigurable Surfaces Via a Tensor-Based Low-Rank Factorization Approach

论文作者

Sokal, Bruno, Gomes, Paulo R. B., de Almeida, André L. F., Makki, Behrooz, Fodor, Gabor

论文摘要

被动智能可重构表面(IRS)由于能够塑造传播环境并改善覆盖范围,因此成为蜂窝网络的有吸引力的组成部分。虽然被动IRS节点包含大量相变元素和控制器实体,但相移通常由蜂窝基站(BS)确定,因为其计算能力。由于在实践中对大量相移的细粒度控制可能会变得过于刺激,因此减少BS和IRS控制器之间的控制开销非常重要。为此,在本文中,我们提出了近相移的低级别近似值,这将在BS-IRS控制器链路上产生高度高的通信开销。关键思想是使用低级张量模型代表潜在的大型IR相移矢量。这是通过分解IRS相移矢量的张力版本来实现的,在该版本中,每个组件被建模为较小尺寸的预定量因子的Kronecker乘积,可以通过张量分解算法获得。我们表明,所提出的低级模型大大减少了与BS-IRS控制链接相关的所需反馈要求。我们的仿真结果表明,在具有很强的视线组分的情况下,所提出的方法特别有吸引力,在这种情况下,达到了几乎相同的光谱效率,与近乎最佳的相移的情况下,频谱效率却大大减少了。

Passive intelligent reconfigurable surfaces (IRS) are becoming an attractive component of cellular networks due to their ability of shaping the propagation environment and thereby improving the coverage. While passive IRS nodes incorporate a great number of phase-shifting elements and a controller entity, the phase-shifts are typically determined by the cellular base station (BS) due to its computational capability. Since the fine granularity control of the large number of phase-shifters may become prohibitive in practice, it is important to reduce the control overhead between the BS and the IRS controller. To this end, in this paper we propose a low-rank approximation of the near-optimal phase-shifts, which would incur prohibitively high communication overhead on the BS-IRS controller links. The key idea is to represent the potentially large IRS phase-shift vector using a low-rank tensor model. This is achieved by factorizing a tensorized version of the IRS phase-shift vector, where each component is modeled as the Kronecker product of a predefined number of factors of smaller sizes, which can be obtained via tensor decomposition algorithms. We show that the proposed low-rank models drastically reduce the required feedback requirements associated with the BS-IRS control links. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed method is especially attractive in scenarios with a strong line of sight component, in which case nearly the same spectral efficiency is reached as in the cases with near-optimal phase-shifts, but with a drastically reduced communication overhead.

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