论文标题
利益会影响授予申请成功吗？组织接近的作用
Do interests affect grant application success? The role of organizational proximity
论文作者
论文摘要
赠款分配的偏见是一个关键问题，因为期望将赠款授予最佳研究人员，而不是在社会，组织上或主题的申请人附近授予决策者的申请人。在本文中，我们调查了组织接近性的影响，该组织定义为具有与小组成员之一（几乎是小组成员）相同的隶属关系的申请人，对获得赠款的可能性。这项研究基于欧洲最杰出的赠款计划之一，总体优秀的科学家是小组成员。分析了该组织接近的各个方面：谁从中获得了？它有性别维度吗？是偏见吗，还是可以通过绩效差异来解释？我们确实发现，在申请人同意使用赠款的机构中有一个小组成员的小组成员中适用的人，获得资金的可能性大大增加。同时，学科和国家之间的影响与女性的影响更大，男性的利益比女性更多。最后，取决于人们如何定义最佳研究人员的方式，近乎逐渐的小组成员效应可以解释为优先依恋（质量链接到质量）或偏见和特殊主义。
Bias in grant allocation is a critical issue, as the expectation is that grants are given to the best researchers, and not to applicants that are socially, organizationally, or topic-wise near-by the decision-makers. In this paper, we investigate the effect of organizational proximity, defined as an applicant with the same affiliation as one of the panel members (a near-by panelist), on the probability of getting a grant. This study is based on one of the most prominent grant schemes in Europe, with overall excellent scientists as panel members. Various aspects of this organizational proximity are analyzed: Who gains from it? Does it have a gender dimension? Is it bias, or can it be explained by performance differences? We do find that the probability to get funded increases significantly for those that apply in a panel where there is a panelist from the institution where the applicant has agreed to use the grant. At the same time, the effect differs between disciplines and countries, and men profit more of it than women do. Finally, depending on how one defines what counts as the best researchers, the near-by panelist effect can be interpreted as preferential attachment (quality links to quality) or as bias and particularism.
