论文标题
空间和时空数据的统计深度学习
Statistical Deep Learning for Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Data
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来,深层神经网络模型已变得无处不在,已应用于几乎所有科学,工程和工业领域。这些模型对于在空间(例如图像)和时间(例如序列)中具有强依赖性的数据特别有用。实际上,统计社区还广泛使用了深层模型,以通过例如使用多级贝叶斯分层模型和深度高斯流程来建模时空数据。在这篇综述中,我们首先介绍了用于建模时空和时空数据的传统统计和机器学习观点的概述,然后专注于最近为潜在过程,数据和参数规范开发的多种混合模型。这些混合模型将统计建模思想与深神网络模型相结合,以利用每个建模范式的优势。最后,我们通过对这些混合模型有用的计算技术进行了概述,并在未来的研究方向上进行了简短的讨论。
Deep neural network models have become ubiquitous in recent years, and have been applied to nearly all areas of science, engineering, and industry. These models are particularly useful for data that have strong dependencies in space (e.g., images) and time (e.g., sequences). Indeed, deep models have also been extensively used by the statistical community to model spatial and spatio-temporal data through, for example, the use of multi-level Bayesian hierarchical models and deep Gaussian processes. In this review, we first present an overview of traditional statistical and machine learning perspectives for modeling spatial and spatio-temporal data, and then focus on a variety of hybrid models that have recently been developed for latent process, data, and parameter specifications. These hybrid models integrate statistical modeling ideas with deep neural network models in order to take advantage of the strengths of each modeling paradigm. We conclude by giving an overview of computational technologies that have proven useful for these hybrid models, and with a brief discussion on future research directions.