论文标题
多目标QUBO求解器:双目标二次分配
Multi-objective QUBO Solver: Bi-objective Quadratic Assignment
论文作者
论文摘要
量子和量子启发的优化算法旨在解决以二进制,二次和不受约束形式表示的问题。因此,组合优化问题通常被表达为二次无约束的二进制优化问题(QUBO),以通过这些算法解决它们。此外,这些QUBO求解器通常是使用专用硬件来实现的,以实现巨大的加速,例如富士通的数字退火器(DA)和D-Wave的量子退火器。但是,这些是单目标求解器,而许多现实世界中的问题具有多个相互冲突的目标。因此,使用这些QUBO求解器时的一种常见实践是将这种多目标问题标记为一系列单目标问题。由于这些求解器的设计权衡,与找到本地最佳最佳相比,对每个标量制定的制定可能需要更多的时间。我们提出了第一次扩展支持商业QUBO求解器的算法的尝试,该算法是不基于标量的多目标求解器。提出的多目标DA算法已在双目标二次分配问题上进行了验证。我们观察到,算法性能显着取决于所采用的归档策略,并且将DA与非量化方法结合使用,以优化多个目标优于最终解决方案质量的DA的当前标量版本。
Quantum and quantum-inspired optimisation algorithms are designed to solve problems represented in binary, quadratic and unconstrained form. Combinatorial optimisation problems are therefore often formulated as Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimisation Problems (QUBO) to solve them with these algorithms. Moreover, these QUBO solvers are often implemented using specialised hardware to achieve enormous speedups, e.g. Fujitsu's Digital Annealer (DA) and D-Wave's Quantum Annealer. However, these are single-objective solvers, while many real-world problems feature multiple conflicting objectives. Thus, a common practice when using these QUBO solvers is to scalarise such multi-objective problems into a sequence of single-objective problems. Due to design trade-offs of these solvers, formulating each scalarisation may require more time than finding a local optimum. We present the first attempt to extend the algorithm supporting a commercial QUBO solver as a multi-objective solver that is not based on scalarisation. The proposed multi-objective DA algorithm is validated on the bi-objective Quadratic Assignment Problem. We observe that algorithm performance significantly depends on the archiving strategy adopted, and that combining DA with non-scalarisation methods to optimise multiple objectives outperforms the current scalarised version of the DA in terms of final solution quality.