论文标题
在非平衡和应用下的动态病毒定理
Dynamic virial theorem at nonequilibrium and applications
论文作者
论文摘要
我们表明，相互作用的多体系统的各种非平衡动力学普遍以优雅的关系为特征，我们称之为动态病毒定理。量子相关性的不平衡动力学完全由tan \ textquoteright的接触控制。它引起了一系列可观察的后果，并且与超低原子的实验密切相关。尤其是，我们表明动态病毒定理提供了对最大能量生长定理的实验访问验证[Qi等，Phys。莱特牧师。 126，240401（2021）]，该]在膨胀过程中原子云的演变中编码。此外，动态病毒定理在两流体流体动力学理论的框架中导致了强烈相互作用的量子气体的简单热力学关系，该量子的温度范围很广。这种热力学关系是一种平衡时TAN压力关系的不平衡类似物。我们的结果提供了对非平衡相互作用多体系统的通用行为的基本理解，并在超低原子的实验中很容易检查。
We show that a variety of nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting many-body systems are universally characterized by an elegant relation, which we call the dynamic virial theorem. The out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum correlations is entirely governed by Tan\textquoteright s contact. It gives rise to a series of observable consequences and is closely related to experiments with ultracold atoms. Especially, we show that the dynamic virial theorem provides an experimentally accessible verification of maximum energy growth theorem [Qi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 240401 (2021)], which is encoded in the evolution of the atomic cloud size during expansion. In addition, the dynamic virial theorem leads to a simple thermodynamic relation of strongly interacting quantum gases in the framework of two-fluid hydrodynamic theory, which holds in a wide range of temperature. This thermodynamic relation is a kind of the out-of-equilibrium analog of Tan's pressure relation at equilibrium. Our results provide fundamental understanding of generic behaviors of interacting many-body systems at nonequilibrium, and are readily examined in experiments with ultracold atoms.
