论文标题
在活性区域上热非平衡的患病率
Prevalence of Thermal Non-Equilibrium over an Active Region
论文作者
论文摘要
最近的观察结果表明,除了具有数百万度的特征成分外,电晕还包含大量的称为冠状雨的凉爽材料,其团块比周围环境凉爽10-100倍,并且通常在称为淋浴的较大事件中组织起来。在冠状动脉循环中的热不稳定性(TI)处于热非平衡状态(TNE)是冠状雨形成的主要机制,但迄今为止尚无对阵雨的研究。在这项研究中,我们对在活性区域(AR)的LIMB和虹膜和SDO进行了冠状雨水阵雨的形态和热力学多波长研究,跨越了色球剂到过渡区域和冠状温度。在5.45小时的观察时间中,发现雨水阵雨在AR上广泛,平均长度,宽度和持续时间为27.37 $ \ pm $ \ $ $ \ $ 11.95毫米,2.14 $ \ pm $ 0.74毫米和35.22 $ \ $ \ pm $ $ $ $ $ $ 20.35分钟。我们发现阵雨与与TNE-TI场景一致的冷却冠状结构之间有良好的对应关系,从而正确识别了“冠状面纱”中的冠状环,包括低高度的强膨胀和Corona中几乎零膨胀。这与先前的工作一致,表明EUV观察到的零膨胀是由于特定的跨场温度分布所致。我们估计,淋浴总数为155 $ \ pm $ 40,导致4.56 $ \ pm $ 3.71 $ \ times $ $ $ $ 10^{28} $ cm $^{3} $,即按AR量相同的订单。这表明在AR上的tne患病率平均表明强烈分层和高频加热。
Recent observations have shown that besides the characteristic multi-million degree component the corona also contains a large amount of cool material called coronal rain, whose clumps are 10 - 100 times cooler and denser than the surroundings and are often organised in larger events termed showers. Thermal instability (TI) within a coronal loop in a state of thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is the leading mechanism behind the formation of coronal rain but no investigation on showers exists to date. In this study, we conduct a morphological and thermodynamic multi-wavelength study of coronal rain showers observed in an active region (AR) off-limb with IRIS and SDO, spanning chromospheric to transition region and coronal temperatures. Rain showers were found to be widespread across the AR over the 5.45-hour observing time, with average length, width and duration of 27.37$\pm$11.95 Mm, 2.14$\pm$0.74 Mm, and 35.22$\pm$20.35 min, respectively. We find a good correspondence between showers and the cooling coronal structures consistent with the TNE-TI scenario, thereby properly identifying coronal loops in the 'coronal veil', including the strong expansion at low heights and an almost zero expansion in the corona. This agrees with previous work suggesting that the observed zero expansion in the EUV is due to specific cross-field temperature distribution. We estimate the total number of showers to be 155$\pm$40, leading to a TNE volume of 4.56$\pm$3.71 $\times$ $10^{28}$cm$^{3}$, i.e. on the same order of the AR volume. This suggests a prevalence of TNE over the AR indicating strongly stratified and high-frequency heating on average.