论文标题
黑暗能光谱仪器（DESI）的机器人多对象焦平面系统
The Robotic Multi-Object Focal Plane System of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)
论文作者
论文摘要
2019年在基特峰国家天文台的Mayall望远镜上安装了一个5,020个机器人纤维定位器的系统。机器人每10-20分钟自动重新靶向光纤，每个光纤精确地为几微米，重新配置时间少于2分钟。在接下来的五年中，它们将使新结构的黑能光谱仪器（DESI）能够测量3500万个星系和类星体的光谱。 Desi将生成迄今为止最大的宇宙3D地图，并衡量宇宙的扩展历史。除了5,020个机器人定位器和光纤外，DESI的焦平面系统还包括6台导摄像机，4个波前摄像机，123个基准点源以及安装在主镜上的计量摄像头。该系统还包括相关的结构，热和电气系统。总体而言，它包含超过675,000个单个零件。我们讨论所有这些组件的设计，结构，质量控制和集成。我们包括关键要求，审查和接受过程，对需求的验证以及对未来多对象的纤维填充光谱仪的经验教训的摘要。
A system of 5,020 robotic fiber positioners was installed in 2019 on the Mayall Telescope, at Kitt Peak National Observatory. The robots automatically re-target their optical fibers every 10 - 20 minutes, each to a precision of several microns, with a reconfiguration time less than 2 minutes. Over the next five years, they will enable the newly-constructed Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to measure the spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will produce the largest 3D map of the universe to date and measure the expansion history of the cosmos. In addition to the 5,020 robotic positioners and optical fibers, DESI's Focal Plane System includes 6 guide cameras, 4 wavefront cameras, 123 fiducial point sources, and a metrology camera mounted at the primary mirror. The system also includes associated structural, thermal, and electrical systems. In all, it contains over 675,000 individual parts. We discuss the design, construction, quality control, and integration of all these components. We include a summary of the key requirements, the review and acceptance process, on-sky validations of requirements, and lessons learned for future multi-object, fiber-fed spectrographs.
