论文标题
使用开放数据和开源软件来开发城市设计和运输功能的空间指标，以实现健康和可持续的城市
Using Open Data and Open-Source Software to Develop Spatial Indicators of Urban Design and Transport Features for Achieving Healthy and Sustainable Cities
论文作者
论文摘要
基准和监视城市设计和运输功能对于实现本地和国际健康和可持续性目标至关重要。但是，大多数城市指标框架都使用粗线尺度，该尺度仅允许城市比较或需要昂贵的技术，本地空间分析以进行城市内比较。这项研究使用开放数据开发了可重复使用的开源城市指标计算框架，以实现一致的本地和全球比较分析。我们通过计算支持健康和可持续性的城市设计和运输特征来证明这一框架 - 针对19个国家的25个不同城市的空间指标。我们将这些指标与城市的政策环境联系起来，并确定生活在关键阈值中的人口，以通过步行进行体育锻炼。扩大参与众包数据并计算全球一致指标的努力对于计划有证据的城市干预措施，监测政策影响以及从同伴城市的学习课程以实现健康，公平和可持续性目标至关重要。
Benchmarking and monitoring urban design and transport features is critical to achieving local and international health and sustainability goals. However, most urban indicator frameworks use coarse spatial scales that only allow between-city comparisons or require expensive, technical, local spatial analyses for within-city comparisons. This study developed a reusable open-source urban indicator computational framework using open data to enable consistent local and global comparative analyses. We demonstrate this framework by calculating spatial indicators - for 25 diverse cities in 19 countries - of urban design and transport features that support health and sustainability. We link these indicators to cities' policy contexts and identify populations living above and below critical thresholds for physical activity through walking. Efforts to broaden participation in crowdsourcing data and to calculate globally consistent indicators are essential for planning evidence-informed urban interventions, monitoring policy impacts, and learning lessons from peer cities to achieve health, equity, and sustainability goals.
