论文标题

全息,应用和弦理论的变化自然

Holography, Application, and String Theory's Changing Nature

论文作者

Greenspan, Lauren

论文摘要

基于字符串理论的框架,仪表/重力二元性(也称为全息图)具有解决低能物理系统(如金属和流体)中的实际问题的能力。全息应用为理论驱动的,高能量的弦理论与核和冷凝物质物理等领域之间的对话和协作开辟了道路,相比之下,这非常重视实验提供的经验证据。本文介绍了全息图的历史,从弦理论的根源到当今挑战该领域文化认同的应用程序。我将重点介绍其中两个应用:全息QCD和全息超导性,突出了一些(通常是不相容的)历史影响,动机和认知价值观以及有助于协作起作用的亚文化转变。全息研究(可以说是弦理论最成功和多产的领域)必须改变其亚文化身份,以便在弦理论之外的领域发挥作用,这反映了其自然界的变化和该领域的不确定未来。字符串理论是否在全息提供的低能应用中失去了身份?全息图是否仍然属于字符串理论的伞,还是注定要在其每个应用领域中形成新的亚文化?我发现这些问题的答案是动态的,相互联系的,并且高度依赖字符串理论与其应用领域的关系。在某些情况下,全息图可以维护其从字符串理论中继承的目标和价值。在其他情况下,它采用了应用其应用领域的目标和价值。这些例子强调了STS社区的需求,将其对弦理论的对待扩展到其与经验主义和作为量子重力理论的作用之外。

Based on string theory's framework, the gauge/gravity duality, also known as holography, has the ability to solve practical problems in low energy physical systems like metals and fluids. Holographic applications open a path for conversation and collaboration between the theory-driven, high energy culture of string theory and fields like nuclear and condensed matter physics, which in contrast place great emphasis on the empirical evidence that experiment provides. This paper takes a look at holography's history, from its roots in string theory to its present-day applications that are challenging the cultural identity of the field. I will focus on two of these applications: holographic QCD and holographic superconductivity, highlighting some of the (often incompatible) historical influences, motives, and epistemic values at play, as well as the subcultural shifts that help the collaborations work. The extent to which holographic research -- arguably string theory's most successful and prolific area -- must change its subcultural identity in order to function in fields outside of string theory reflects its changing nature and the field's uncertain future. Does string theory lose its identity in the low-energy applications that holography provides? Does holography still belong under string theory's umbrella, or is it destined to form new subcultures with each of its fields of application? I find that the answers to these questions are dynamic, interconnected, and highly dependent on string theory's relationship with its field of application. In some cases, holography can maintain the goals and values it inherited from string theory. In others, it instead adopts the goals and values of the field in which it is applied. These examples highlight a need for the STS community to expand its treatment of string theory beyond its relationship with empiricism and role as a theory of quantum gravity.

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