论文标题

MPI-AMRVAC中的两流体实现,并在太阳能球层中应用

Two-fluid implementation in MPI-AMRVAC, with applications in the solar chromosphere

论文作者

Braileanu, B. Popescu, Keppens, R.

论文摘要

染色体是太阳大气的部分离子层,是气体几乎中性和完全离子的电晕之间的光球之间的过渡。随着染色体上部中性颗粒和带电颗粒之间的碰撞耦合减小,流体动力学时间表可能与碰撞时间尺度相当,并且需要一个两流体模型。在本文中,我们描述了两个流体模型的实现和验证,该模型同时演变了电荷和中性,并与碰撞相结合。两流体方程在完全开源的MPI-AMRVAC代码中实现。在光球和太阳大气的下部,充电和中性颗粒之间的碰撞非常频繁,明确的时间固定将太限制,因为为了稳定,时间步长需要与碰撞频率的倒数成比例。通过使用显式透明度(IMEX)方案对碰撞项进行评估,可以克服这一点。提出的案件涵盖了截然不同的碰撞制度,我们的结果与相关文献发现完全一致。如果碰撞时间和长度尺度小于在太阳能球体中通常考虑的流体动力学尺度,则在中性和带电的流体中看到的密度结构相似,并且电荷和中性之间的弹性碰撞的影响与扩散性相似。否则,密度结构是不同的,并且两个物种之间的速度脱钩。 IMEX方案的使用有效地避免了在强烈的碰撞制度中完全明确实现的小时间段限制。与以相同的有效分辨率相比,自适应网格细化(AMR)大大降低了计算成本。

The chromosphere is a partially ionized layer of the solar atmosphere, the transition between the photosphere where the gas is almost neutral and the fully ionized corona. As the collisional coupling between neutral and charged particles decreases in the upper part of the chromosphere, the hydrodynamical timescales may become comparable to the collisional timescale, and a two-fluid model is needed. In this paper we describe the implementation and validation of a two-fluid model which simultaneously evolves charges and neutrals, coupled by collisions. The two-fluid equations are implemented in the fully open-source MPI-AMRVAC code. In the photosphere and the lower part of the solar atmosphere, where collisions between charged and neutral particles are very frequent, an explicit time-marching would be too restrictive, since for stability the timestep needs to be proportional to the inverse of the collision frequency. This is overcome by evaluating the collisional terms implicitly using an explicit-implicit (IMEX) scheme. The cases presented cover very different collisional regimes and our results are fully consistent with related literature findings. If collisional time and length scales are smaller than the hydrodynamical scales usually considered in the solar chromosphere, density structures seen in the neutral and charged fluids are similar, with the effect of elastic collisions between charges and neutrals being similar to diffusivity. Otherwise, density structures are different and the decoupling in velocity between the two species increases. The use of IMEX schemes efficiently avoids the small timestep constraints of fully explicit implementations in strongly collisional regimes. Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) greatly decreases the computational cost, compared to uniform grid runs at the same effective resolution.

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