论文标题
用于模块化超导量子计算机的共同设计的架构
Co-Designed Architectures for Modular Superconducting Quantum Computers
论文作者
论文摘要
嘈杂的,中等尺度量子(NISQ)计算机已经达到了可以显示出比经典计算具有量子优势的潜力的地步。不幸的是,NISQ机器会引入足够的噪声,即使对于中等尺寸的量子电路,结果也可能不可靠。我们建议使用超导非线性不对称电感元件(Snail)调节器共同设计的超导量子计算机。蜗牛调制器的设计是通过考虑理想的基本量子栅极操作,同时最大化量子耦合功能。首先,蜗牛本质地实现$ \ sqrt [n] {\ texttt {iswap}} $门通过成比例缩放的脉冲长度实现。这自然包括$ \ sqrt {\ texttt {iswap}} $,它比$ \ texttt {cnot} $作为基础门具有优势。其次,蜗牛实现了高度的耦合,可以允许富裕且高度平行的量子连接拓扑,而不会受到频率拥挤的影响。在我们先前展示的基于蜗牛的量子状态路由器的基础上,我们提出了一棵量子4-Ary树和由互连的量子模块构建的HyperCube启发的畜栏。我们将基于必要的\ texttt {swap}大门与最新商业量子计算机中使用的传统晶格和重型晶格进行比较。我们用$ \ sqrt {\ texttt {iswap}} $基础式的锁定门和富拓扑与$ \ texttt {cnot} $/heafe-hex和$ \ textttttttt {fsim} $/lattice cirdection cirdection演示了我们基于蜗牛的机器的共同设计优势。我们比较总电路时间和总门计数,以了解分别由反熔和控制缺陷所主导的系统的保真度。最后,我们提供了一项栅极持续时间敏感性研究,以进一步降低蜗牛脉冲长度,以实现$ \ sqrt [n] {\ texttt {iswap}} $ qubit Systems以减少折叠时间。
Noisy, Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers have reached the point where they can show the potential for quantum advantage over classical computing. Unfortunately, NISQ machines introduce sufficient noise that even for moderate size quantum circuits the results can be unreliable. We propose a co-designed superconducting quantum computer using a Superconducting Nonlinear Asymmetric Inductive eLement (SNAIL) modulator. The SNAIL modulator is designed by considering both the ideal fundamental qubit gate operation while maximizing the qubit coupling capabilities. First, the SNAIL natively implements $\sqrt[n]{\texttt{iSWAP}}$ gates realized through proportionally scaled pulse lengths. This naturally includes $\sqrt{\texttt{iSWAP}}$, which provides an advantage over $\texttt{CNOT}$ as a basis gate. Second, the SNAIL enables high-degree couplings that allow rich and highly parallel qubit connection topologies without suffering from frequency crowding. Building on our previously demonstrated SNAIL-based quantum state router we propose a quantum 4-ary tree and a hypercube inspired corral built from interconnected quantum modules. We compare their advantage in data movement based on necessary \texttt{SWAP} gates to the traditional lattice and heavy-hex lattice used in latest commercial quantum computers. We demonstrate the co-design advantage of our SNAIL-based machine with $\sqrt{\texttt{iSWAP}}$ basis gates and rich topologies against $\texttt{CNOT}$/heavy-hex and $\texttt{FSIM}$/lattice for 16-20 qubit and extrapolated designs circa 80 qubit architectures. We compare total circuit time and total gate count to understand fidelity for systems dominated by decoherence and control imperfections, respectively. Finally, we provide a gate duration sensitivity study on further decreasing the SNAIL pulse length to realize $\sqrt[n]{\texttt{iSWAP}}$ qubit systems to reduce decoherence times.