论文标题
能量依赖性风味比，级联/轨道频谱张力和高能中微子的高质量黑孔的高能中微子
Energy-dependent flavor ratios, cascade/track spectrum tension and high-energy neutrinos from magnetospheres of supermassive black holes
论文作者
论文摘要
Icecube中微子天文台通过各种技术测量了高能天体物理中微子的弥散通量，并且在不同分析中获得的光谱之间存在轻度的张力。源自哑光轨迹的重建的光谱比级联反应的频谱要难，而级联则以电子和tau中微子为主。如果得到确认，这种张力可能会为这些中微子的起源提供线索，这仍然不确定。在这里，我们研究了这种张力可能是由于能量用天体物理中微子的风味含量变化引起的。我们假设在较高能量的情况下，通量包含的中微子比通常假定的风味均衡中预期的要多。如果中微子是在如此强的区域产生的，以至于在Pi-Meson衰变中生产的磁场区域产生中微子，而同步辐射速度比衰减更快。 $ \ sim 10^4 g $的磁场与该机制与IceCube结果相关。我们注意到，这些场值在活跃银河核中超质量黑洞的附近是可以达到的，并提出了这些潜在中微子源人群的工作玩具模型。尽管该模型预测了所需的风味比并描述了高能频谱，但它需要一个额外的组件来解释在较低能量下观察到的中微子通量。
The IceCube neutrino observatory measures the diffuse flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by means of various techniques, and there exists a mild tension between spectra obtained in different analyses. The spectrum derived from reconstruction of muon tracks is harder than that from cascades, dominated by electron and tau neutrinos. If confirmed, this tension may provide a clue to the origin of these neutrinos, which remains uncertain. Here we investigate the possibility that this tension may be caused by the change of the flavor content of astrophysical neutrinos with energy. We assume that at higher energies, the flux contains more muon neutrinos than expected in the usually assumed flavor equipartition. This may happen if the neutrinos are produced in regions of the magnetic field so strong that muons, born in pi-meson decays, cool by synchrotron radiation faster than decay. The magnetic field of $\sim 10^4 G$ is required for this mechanism to be relevant for the IceCube results. We note that these field values are reachable in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei and present a working toy model of the population of these potential neutrino sources. While this model predicts the required flavor ratios and describes the high-energy spectrum, it needs an additional component to explain the observed neutrino flux at lower energies.
