论文标题
稳定器状态的熵镜头
An Entropic Lens on Stabilizer States
论文作者
论文摘要
$ n $ Qubit的稳定剂状态是Pauli Group的$ 2^n $ element子集留下的那些。 Clifford组是将稳定剂态到稳定器状态的一群人。一个物理动机的生成集,包括构成克利福德门的Hadamard,phop和cnot大门,在稳定器集上施加了图形结构。我们明确构建了这些结构,即“可及性图”,以$ n \ le5 $。当我们仅考虑Clifford门的一个子集时,可触及性图分成多个,通常是复杂的连接组件。寻求了解稳定器状态的熵结构,该结构最终是由CNOT GATE应用在两个量子位上建立的,我们有动力考虑仅在$ n $ Qubits的Hadamard和CNOT门中构建的受限制子图。我们展示了如何在三个和四个量子位中嵌入两个量子位的两个子图被嵌入更复杂的子图中。我们认为,没有其他类型的子图出现在四个量子位以外,但是随着量子数的增加,子图内的熵结构会逐渐变得更加复杂。从四个量子位开始,一些稳定剂的熵向量是全息熵不等式不允许的。我们评论稳定器可达图中全息态和非全外状态之间过渡的性质。
The $n$-qubit stabilizer states are those left invariant by a $2^n$-element subset of the Pauli group. The Clifford group is the group of unitaries which take stabilizer states to stabilizer states; a physically--motivated generating set, the Hadamard, phase, and CNOT gates which comprise the Clifford gates, imposes a graph structure on the set of stabilizers. We explicitly construct these structures, the "reachability graphs," at $n\le5$. When we consider only a subset of the Clifford gates, the reachability graphs separate into multiple, often complicated, connected components. Seeking an understanding of the entropic structure of the stabilizer states, which is ultimately built up by CNOT gate applications on two qubits, we are motivated to consider the restricted subgraphs built from the Hadamard and CNOT gates acting on only two of the $n$ qubits. We show how the two subgraphs already present at two qubits are embedded into more complicated subgraphs at three and four qubits. We argue that no additional types of subgraph appear beyond four qubits, but that the entropic structures within the subgraphs can grow progressively more complicated as the qubit number increases. Starting at four qubits, some of the stabilizer states have entropy vectors which are not allowed by holographic entropy inequalities. We comment on the nature of the transition between holographic and non-holographic states within the stabilizer reachability graphs.