论文标题

使用最小的过量耗散原理近似压力驱动的Stokes流动

Approximating pressure-driven Stokes flow using the principle of minimal excess dissipation

论文作者

Ruangkriengsin, Tachin, Roper, Marcus

论文摘要

Stokes的方程模型微观流体流动,包括实验室片片系统中纳米尺度流体样品的流。 Helmholtz的耗散定理可以确保在给定域中的Stokes方程解决方案最小化与与域边界上施加的速度兼容的所有不可压缩的矢量场之间的粘性耗散。 Helmholtz的耗散定理直接保证了Stokes流的独特性,并提供了一种实用方法,用于计算移动物体周围流量的近似解决方案。但是,尽管将原理概括为具有速度和应力边界条件混合物的域是相对直接的(Keller等,1967),但似乎鲜为人知。在这里,我们表明,最小过量耗散的原理可用于得出具有不同横截面形状的微通道中流动的准确分析近似,包括何时设计了通道壁以具有不同的滑动边界条件分布的何时。除了提供一种简单,快速的方法来近似微通道的电导率外,对多余耗散的分析还可以使用可以使用的比较原理,例如,通过添加其他滑动边界条件来表明通道的电导始终增加。

Stokes' equations model microscale fluid flows including the flows of nanoliter-sized fluid samples in lab-on-a-chip systems. Helmholtz's dissipation theorem guarantees that the solution of Stokes' equations in a given domain minimizes viscous dissipation among all incompressible vector fields that are compatible with the velocities imposed at the domain boundaries. Helmholtz's dissipation theorem directly guarantees the uniqueness of solutions of Stokes flow, and provides a practical method for calculating approximate solutions for flow around moving bodies. However, although generalization of the principle to domains with mixtures of velocity and stress boundary conditions is relatively straight-forward (Keller et al., 1967), it appears to be little known. Here we show that the principle of minimal excess dissipation can be used to derive accurate analytical approximations for the flows in microchannels with different cross-section shapes including when the channel walls are engineered to have different distributions of slip boundary conditions. In addition to providing a simple, rapid, method for approximating the conductances of micro-channels, analysis of excess dissipation allows for a comparison principle that can be used, for example, to show that the conductance of a channel is always increased by adding additional slip boundary conditions.

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