论文标题
在光散射中观察骨刺激
Observation of bosonic stimulation in light scattering
论文作者
论文摘要
对于玻色子，其职业数量增强了已经占据的量子状态的过渡速率：骨刺激的效果。 30多年前，已经预测了光散射的玻感增强，但以前尚未观察到。在这里，我们从理论上研究并在实验上证明了这一效果。我们表明，谐波捕获气体的骨增强因子在相位过渡到Bose-Einstein冷凝物（BEC）上方的通用常数$ζ（2）/ζ（3）$界定，并在相位过渡以下的BEC分数线性依赖。观察到相位过渡上下的肺泡增强的光散射，并讨论了相互作用的效果。对于多级系统，由于仅出于雷利散射而发生，但不适合拉曼散射，因此降低了骨值增强。
For bosons, the transition rate into an already occupied quantum state is enhanced by its occupation number: the effect of bosonic stimulation. Bosonic enhancement of light scattering has been predicted more than 30 years ago but has not been observed before. Here we theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate this effect. We show that the bosonic enhancement factor for a harmonically trapped gas is bounded by a universal constant $ζ(2)/ζ(3)$ above the phase transition to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), and depends linearly on the BEC fraction just below the phase transition. Bosonically enhanced light scattering is observed and characterized above and below the phase transition, and the effect of interactions is discussed. For a multi-level system, bosonic enhancement is reduced because bosonic stimulation occurs only for Rayleigh scattering, but not for Raman scattering.
