论文标题

具有视觉惯性渗透量的多杆的感知感知的水平轨迹轨迹轨迹计划

Perception-aware receding horizon trajectory planning for multicopters with visual-inertial odometry

论文作者

Wu, Xiangyu, Chen, Shuxiao, Sreenath, Koushil, Mueller, Mark W.

论文摘要

视觉惯性进程(VIO)被广泛用于多次驱动器的状态估计,但在很少的视觉特征或过度攻击性飞行中的环境中起作用可能很差。在这项工作中,我们建议使用任何基于功能的VIO算法使用的多杆避免感知碰撞轨迹轨迹计划器。我们的方法能够以快速的速度飞行车辆到达目标位置,避免在未知的固定环境中遇到障碍,同时达到良好的VIO状态估计精度。拟议的计划者采样了一组最小混蛋轨迹,并发现其中无冲突的轨迹,然后根据其目标和感知质量对其进行评估。特征及其位置的运动模糊都是为了感知质量。我们对特征运动模糊的新颖考虑可以自动适应轨迹的侵略性,这些环境具有不同的光线水平。评估中的最佳轨迹是由车辆跟踪的,并在接收到新的图像从相机中收到新图像时会以退缩的方式进行更新。仅对VIO进行了通用假设,因此计划者可以与各种现有系统一起使用。所提出的方法可以在船上的小型嵌入式计算机上实时运行。我们通过在室内和室外环境中的实验验证了我们提出的方法的有效性。与感知态度的计划者相比,拟议的规划师在相机的视野中保留了更多功能,并使飞行变得不那么积极,从而使VIO更加准确。它还减少了VIO失败,这是对感知态度策划者的发生,而不是针对拟议的计划者进行的。还验证了提议的计划者飞越密集障碍的能力。可以在https://youtu.be/qo3lzirpwtq上找到实验视频。

Visual inertial odometry (VIO) is widely used for the state estimation of multicopters, but it may function poorly in environments with few visual features or in overly aggressive flights. In this work, we propose a perception-aware collision avoidance trajectory planner for multicopters, that may be used with any feature-based VIO algorithm. Our approach is able to fly the vehicle to a goal position at fast speed, avoiding obstacles in an unknown stationary environment while achieving good VIO state estimation accuracy. The proposed planner samples a group of minimum jerk trajectories and finds collision-free trajectories among them, which are then evaluated based on their speed to the goal and perception quality. Both the motion blur of features and their locations are considered for the perception quality. Our novel consideration of the motion blur of features enables automatic adaptation of the trajectory's aggressiveness under environments with different light levels. The best trajectory from the evaluation is tracked by the vehicle and is updated in a receding horizon manner when new images are received from the camera. Only generic assumptions about the VIO are made, so that the planner may be used with various existing systems. The proposed method can run in real-time on a small embedded computer on board. We validated the effectiveness of our proposed approach through experiments in both indoor and outdoor environments. Compared to a perception-agnostic planner, the proposed planner kept more features in the camera's view and made the flight less aggressive, making the VIO more accurate. It also reduced VIO failures, which occurred for the perception-agnostic planner but not for the proposed planner. The ability of the proposed planner to fly through dense obstacles was also validated. The experiment video can be found at https://youtu.be/qO3LZIrpwtQ.

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