论文标题
FedRecattack:对联邦建议的模型中毒攻击
FedRecAttack: Model Poisoning Attack to Federated Recommendation
论文作者
论文摘要
在过去的几年中,联邦建议(FR)受到了广泛的流行和关注。在FR中,对于每个用户,其功能向量和交互数据都在本地保存在其自己的客户端上,因此对他人是私人的。在没有上述信息的情况下,大多数现有的中毒攻击针对推荐系统或联邦学习失去了有效性。从这个特征中挑选,FR通常被认为是公平的。但是,我们认为仍然可以在FR中进行必要的安全性改进。为了证明我们的意见,在本文中,我们介绍了FedreCattack,这是一种模型中毒攻击,旨在提高目标项目的暴露率。在大多数建议方案中,除了私人用户项目交互(例如,点击,手表和购买)外,某些交互是公开的(例如,喜欢,遵循和评论)。在这一点的推动下,在FedRecattack中,我们利用公共互动来近似用户的特征向量,从而可以相应地产生中毒的梯度并控制恶意用户,以精心设计的方式上传中毒梯度。为了评估FedRecattack的有效性和副作用,我们从两个完全不同的情况下对不同大小的三个现实数据集进行了广泛的实验。实验结果表明,我们提出的FedRecattack实现了最先进的效果,而其副作用可以忽略不计。此外,即使有少量的恶意使用者(3%)和少量的公共互动(1%),FedreCattack仍然非常有效,这表明FR比通常认为的更容易受到攻击。
Federated Recommendation (FR) has received considerable popularity and attention in the past few years. In FR, for each user, its feature vector and interaction data are kept locally on its own client thus are private to others. Without the access to above information, most existing poisoning attacks against recommender systems or federated learning lose validity. Benifiting from this characteristic, FR is commonly considered fairly secured. However, we argue that there is still possible and necessary security improvement could be made in FR. To prove our opinion, in this paper we present FedRecAttack, a model poisoning attack to FR aiming to raise the exposure ratio of target items. In most recommendation scenarios, apart from private user-item interactions (e.g., clicks, watches and purchases), some interactions are public (e.g., likes, follows and comments). Motivated by this point, in FedRecAttack we make use of the public interactions to approximate users' feature vectors, thereby attacker can generate poisoned gradients accordingly and control malicious users to upload the poisoned gradients in a well-designed way. To evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of FedRecAttack, we conduct extensive experiments on three real-world datasets of different sizes from two completely different scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed FedRecAttack achieves the state-of-the-art effectiveness while its side effects are negligible. Moreover, even with small proportion (3%) of malicious users and small proportion (1%) of public interactions, FedRecAttack remains highly effective, which reveals that FR is more vulnerable to attack than people commonly considered.