论文标题
主动银河核及其人口统计学通过宇宙时间
Active Galactic Nuclei and their demography through cosmic time
论文作者
论文摘要
活性银河核（AGN）是高能的天体物理源，由星系中的超级质量黑洞供电，在大约二十个频率上，它们呈现了涵盖完整电磁频谱（以及更多）的独特观察性特征。我们首先回顾了主要的AGN属性和多样性，并表明它们可以通过少数参数来解释。然后，我们讨论了未灭火的AGN的所谓统一模型，根据该模型，这些来源被认为具有相同的核发动机和环形物质，具有相同的几何形状，用于遮盖结构。然而，这种简化的方案无法解释所有观察到的复杂性，例如在不同的物理尺度上存在多个吸收器，包括最近的X射线观察结果。最后，我们谈到了X射线和$γ$ -Ray乐队的AGN进化。
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are highly energetic astrophysical sources powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes in galaxies, which present unique observational signatures covering the full electromagnetic spectrum (and more) over about twenty orders of magnitude in frequency. We first review the main AGN properties and diversities and show that they can be explained by a small number of parameters. We then discuss the so-called Unification Models for non-jetted AGN, according to which these sources are believed to have the same nuclear engine and circumnuclear matter, with the same geometry for the obscuring structure. This simplified scenario, however, cannot explain all the observed complexities, such as the presence of multiple absorbers on different physical scales, including recent X-ray observations of circumnuclear matter. Finally, we touch upon AGN evolution in the X-ray and $γ$-ray bands.
