论文标题
二维量子ISING模型中界面的定位和熔化
Localization and melting of interfaces in the two-dimensional quantum Ising model
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了在二维量子ISING模型中共存的铁磁结构域的非平衡演化 - 从量子成核动力学和假vacuum衰减方案到最新的Rydberg-Atom阵列的实验，在几种情况下相关的设置。我们证明，可以通过“全息图”映射研究将大气泡划界的量子透射界面被描述为有效的一维系统。对于被考虑的模型，紧急界面激发映射到一个可集成的费米子颗粒链。我们讨论了气泡的几何特征和铁磁耦合的反向的校正如何破坏这种集成性，并为最终预期气泡融化的时间表提供了下限。值得注意的是，我们证明了对称性的纵向场在二维中产生了强大的千古折断，这是由斯塔克·多体定位的基础的现象对界面的新出现的费尔米温和激发。
We study the non-equilibrium evolution of coexisting ferromagnetic domains in the two-dimensional quantum Ising model -- a setup relevant in several contexts, from quantum nucleation dynamics and false-vacuum decay scenarios to recent experiments with Rydberg-atom arrays. We demonstrate that the quantum-fluctuating interface delimiting a large bubble can be studied as an effective one-dimensional system through a "holographic" mapping. For the considered model, the emergent interface excitations map to an integrable chain of fermionic particles. We discuss how this integrability is broken by geometric features of the bubbles and by corrections in inverse powers of the ferromagnetic coupling, and provide a lower bound to the timescale after which the bubble is ultimately expected to melt. Remarkably, we demonstrate that a symmetry-breaking longitudinal field gives rise to a robust ergodicity breaking in two dimensions, a phenomenon underpinned by Stark many-body localization of the emergent fermionic excitations of the interface.
