论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
Modification of the effective potential of $ϕ^4$ theory using the Boltzmann factor
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
The need for a cutoff in the Lamb shift calculation suggests that high-energy virtual photons do not interact with the real particles. In this study, we assume that the creation of high-energy virtual particles is suppressed by a Boltzmann factor $e^{-βE}$ and apply this Boltzmann factor to the effective potential of the $ϕ^4$ theory. Consequently, the effective potential is transformed into $V(ϕ) = 1/4!ϕ^4 + β^{-4} \left \{ ϕ^3 K_3(ϕ) -ϕ^2 K_2 (ϕ) \right\}$. $K_n(x)$ is the modified Bessel function of the second kind of order $n$. We demonstrate that the minimum of the effective potential occurs for $ϕ\ne 0$.