论文标题
量子计量学的热力学原理
Thermodynamic principle for quantum metrology
论文作者
论文摘要
量子计量学中的热量耗散不仅代表了量子传感设备的实际应用的不可避免的问题，而且还代表了热力学与量子计量学之间的基本关系。然而，一个一般的热力学原理，该原理控制量子计量学中的能源消耗规则，类似于Landauer在计算中散热的原则，但仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们建立了能源消耗的物理原理，以实现量子计量学中一定水平的测量精度，并表明它是由量子Fisher信息的删除本质上确定的。该原理提供了一个强大的工具来研究量子资源的优势，不仅在测量精度下，而且在能源效率方面。它也是热力学与量子物理学和量子信息理论相关的各种基本物理概念之间的桥梁。
The heat dissipation in quantum metrology represents not only an unavoidable problem towards practical applications of quantum sensing devices but also a fundamental relationship between thermodynamics and quantum metrology. However, a general thermodynamic principle which governs the rule of energy consumption in quantum metrology, similar to Landauer's principle for heat dissipation in computations, has remained elusive. Here, we establish such a physical principle for energy consumption in order to achieve a certain level of measurement precision in quantum metrology, and show that it is intrinsically determined by the erasure of quantum Fisher information. The principle provides a powerful tool to investigate the advantage of quantum resources, not only in measurement precision but also in energy efficiency. It also serves as a bridge between thermodynamics and various fundamental physical concepts related in quantum physics and quantum information theory.
