论文标题
在两个多个旅行推销员问题中分配城市的组织（DE-）或多或少地集中
Organisations (de-)centralised to a greater or lesser degree for allocating cities in two Multiple Travelling Salesmen Problems
论文作者
论文摘要
组织中的决定可以由中央当局（CA），例如，在层次结构中或代理人以分散的方式，例如在异性阶级中做出。由于两种组织都有其优势（例如，对集中组织的最佳性和对分散的组织的反应性），因此我们的目标最终是了解何时以及如何使用每个人。我们以前的工作提出了多个旅行推销员问题的变体，我们现在称之为MTSP。我们使用下标“ S”来指推销员在最小化其单个路线长度时的自私。相反，如果假定它们是仁慈的，我们将添加下标“ B”，因此MTSPB一词是指推销员在其中最大程度地减少总路线长度的传统MTSP。本文展示了如何通过稍微修改自私的代理来获得这种仁慈的代理。然后，我们可以比较（DE-）或多或少地集中的组织，这使我们能够在MTSPB中进行城市的分配。第一个实验表明，MTSPB和MTSP之间的组织相对效率（排名）不同。由于反应性促进了权力下放，因此第二个实验逐渐减少了影响该排名所花费的时间。两个实验都表明，纯集中化是最佳或最坏的选择，并且两种情况之间的区域非常狭窄。
Decisions in organisations may be made either by a Central Authority (CA), e.g., in a hierarchy, or by the agents in a decentralised way, e.g., in a heterarchy. Since both kinds of organisations have their advantages (e.g., optimality for centralised organisations and reactivity for decentralised ones), our goal is ultimately to understand when and how to use each of them. Our previous work proposed a variant of the Multiple Travelling Salesmen Problem, which we now call MTSPs . We use the subscript "s" to refer to salesmen's selfishness when they minimise their individual route length. If, on the contrary, they are assumed to be benevolent, we add subscript "b" and thus the term MTSPb to refer to the traditional MTSP in which the salesmen minimise the total route length. This article shows how to obtain such benevolent agents by slightly modifying selfish agents. We can then compare organisations which are (de-)centralised to a greater or lesser degree, which enables us to carry out the allocation of cities in the MTSPb . The first experiment shows that the relative efficiency (ranking) of the organisations differs between MTSPb and MTSPs . Since reactivity fosters decentralisation, the second experiment gradually reduces the time taken for it to impact this ranking. Both experiments show that pure centralisation is either the best or the worst option, and that the zone between the two situations is very narrow.
