论文标题

光线不可分割的状态:从量子到古典

Nonseparable states of light: From quantum to classical

论文作者

Shen, Yijie, Rosales-Guzmán, Carmelo

论文摘要

在量子和经典水平上控制结构光的各种自由度(DOF)至关重要。这是一种传统的范式,可在光塑形中分别处理多种多样。而较不可分割的光状态的情况是,以不可分割的方式耦合了两个或多个DOF,它已成为局部局部。重要的是,经典的不可分割的光状态在数学上类似于量子纠缠状态。这种相似性已经在结构化的光中孵化了有吸引力的研究,例如向量梁中的自旋轨道耦合。但是,非分离的经典光仍然以碎片的方式处理,而其形式不受向量梁的限制,其潜力肯定不会完全利用。例如,异国情调的时空耦合脉冲非平凡的光朝着超快时间尺度塑造,射线波几何光束在光学操作中提供了新的维度。在这里,我们提供了关于涉及各种光线的一般不可分割状态的快速增长但不连贯的工作的鸟类视野,并为其分类和裁缝介绍了统一的框架,为基本科学和应用提供了新的机会。

Controlling the various degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) of structured light at both quantum and classical levels is of paramount importance in optics. It is a conventional paradigm to treat diverse DoFs separately in light shaping. While, the more general case of nonseparable states of light, in which two or more DoFs are coupled in a nonseparable way, has become topical recently. Importantly, classical nonseparable states of light are mathematically analogue to quantum entangled states. Such similarity has hatched attractive studies in structured light, e.g. the spin-orbit coupling in vector beams. However, nonseparable classical states of light are still treated in a fragmented fashion, while its forms are not limited by vector beams and its potential is certainly not fully exploited. For instance, exotic space-time coupled pulses nontrivial light shaping towards ultrafast time scales, and ray-wave geometric beams provide new dimensions in optical manipulations. Here we provide a bird's eye view on the rapidly growing but incoherent body of work on general nonseparable states involving various DoFs of light and introduce a unified framework for their classification and tailoring, providing a perspective on new opportunities for both fundamental science and applications.

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